Table 6.
The relationship between the polygenic risk score (PRS) for ADHD and labor market outcomes (random effects panel regressions)
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Employed | Log of earnings | Log of household wealth | Receiving social security disability benefits | Receiving unemployment or worker compensation | Receiving other governmental transfers | |
| Panel B: females (N individuals = 4921, N individual-wave = 24,428) | ||||||
| PRS for ADHD | − 0.086* (0.049) | − 0.139*** (0.049) | − 0.158*** (0.024) | 0.264** (0.110) | 0.083 (0.055) | 0.223** (0.093) |
| Age | − 0.273*** (0.007) | − 0.261*** (0.006) | 0.043*** (0.002) | 0.160*** (0.019) | − 0.081*** (0.010) | 0.025* (0.014) |
| Female | ||||||
| With a partner | − 1.210*** (0.094) | − 1.616*** (0.091) | 0.888*** (0.030) | − 0.876*** (0.199) | − 0.609*** (0.129) | − 1.885*** (0.179) |
| Number of living children | − 0.047** (0.024) | − 0.027 (0.024) | − 0.045*** (0.009) | 0.078 (0.049) | 0.054* (0.028) | 0.184*** (0.041) |
| Self-reported health (excellent) | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Self-reported health (very good) | 0.045 (0.076) | 0.059 (0.072) | − 0.058*** (0.021) | 0.546 (0.394) | 0.291** (0.133) | 0.667*** (0.229) |
| Self-reported health (good) | 0.093 (0.089) | 0.076 (0.084) | − 0.151*** (0.025) | 1.570*** (0.395) | 0.425*** (0.144) | 1.181*** (0.243) |
| Self-reported health (fair) | − 0.301*** (0.115) | − 0.221** (0.111) | − 0.269*** (0.034) | 2.456*** (0.405) | 0.801*** (0.174) | 1.879*** (0.266) |
| Self-reported health (poor) | − 1.577*** (0.185) | − 0.946*** (0.170) | − 0.479*** (0.051) | 2.790*** (0.428) | 0.513* (0.269) | 2.512*** (0.315) |
| Health limits work | 0.037*** (0.005) | 0.093*** (0.005) | 0.033*** (0.002) | − 0.065*** (0.013) | − 0.003 (0.006) | − 0.063*** (0.011) |
| Tenure in current occupation | − 2.306*** (0.082) | − 1.928*** (0.076) | − 0.181*** (0.023) | 4.539*** (0.243) | 0.164 (0.119) | 1.037*** (0.152) |
| Log of spousal earnings | 0.066*** (0.006) | 0.133*** (0.006) | 0.001 (0.002) | − 0.081*** (0.018) | 0.007 (0.011) | − 0.123*** (0.018) |
| Principal component 1 | 8.022 (5.600) | 7.025 (5.643) | 4.710* (2.733) | 10.055 (12.748) | − 0.408 (6.101) | 10.743 (10.980) |
| Principal component 2 | 7.043 (5.266) | − 2.447 (5.377) | − 16.472*** (2.606) | 26.909** (13.526) | − 20.985*** (5.450) | 27.520** (11.837) |
| Principal component 3 | − 1.673 (5.245) | 1.010 (5.330) | − 5.666** (2.575) | − 9.212 (11.483) | − 5.601 (5.940) | − 0.465 (9.729) |
| Principal component 4 | 4.783 (5.272) | 0.656 (5.355) | − 1.240 (2.592) | 5.835 (12.721) | − 5.278 (5.991) | − 6.755 (10.465) |
| Principal component 5 | − 1.470 (5.648) | − 4.729 (5.691) | − 16.330*** (2.752) | − 5.070 (12.847) | − 6.641 (6.186) | 3.143 (11.026) |
| Principal component 6 | − 6.629 (5.168) | − 10.116* (5.244) | − 0.901 (2.539) | − 5.149 (11.564) | − 3.995 (5.820) | 6.454 (9.863) |
| Principal component 7 | − 0.784 (5.250) | 7.570 (5.334) | − 1.951 (2.579) | 0.880 (11.739) | − 1.346 (5.952) | − 7.104 (10.096) |
| Principal component 8 | 1.503 (5.110) | 5.368 (5.190) | 0.592 (2.509) | − 5.840 (11.393) | 0.291 (5.803) | − 11.807 (9.699) |
| Principal component 9 | − 2.278 (5.214) | − 3.392 (5.286) | − 4.468* (2.557) | 13.670 (11.716) | − 9.502 (5.964) | 13.640 (9.865) |
| Principal component 10 | − 7.084 (5.227) | − 13.265** (5.317) | 6.963*** (2.570) | 1.065 (11.666) | − 7.256 (5.867) | 10.842 (9.946) |
| Constant | 17.951*** (0.444) | 21.228*** (0.353) | 8.519*** (0.106) | − 18.692*** (1.309) | − 0.011 (0.606) | − 7.355*** (0.923) |
Full regression results for Table 2 (Panel B)
Standard errors in parentheses
***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.10