Table 5. Airway hemorrhage key points.

Airway hemorrhage is more likely to cause death from asphyxiation than blood loss

Protection of the non-bleeding lung is of the utmost importance, thus the patient should be placed with the bleeding side down and the airway secured with a large endotracheal either sitting at trachea with a bronchial blocker or sitting at non-bleeding main bronchus. Double lumen tube is not routinely used due to the difficulty to accommodate the therapeutic bronchoscope

Control of airway hemorrhage may be attempted with intervention via flexible or rigid bronchoscopy

In the event that we are unable to control airway hemorrhage, bronchial artery embolization, surgery or Extra corporeal membrane oxygenation may be considered