. 2019 May 6;220(6):956–960. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz212

Table 1.

Clinical and Sociodemographic Characteristics of a Birth Cohort of Infants (0–6 Months) with Confirmed Influenza Respiratory Infection, Categorized by Maternal Influenza Vaccine Trial Arm and Pneumococcal Carriage

Characteristic	Maternal Vaccine Study Arm, n (%)			Pneumococcal Carriage, n (%)
	Placebo (n = 102)	Vaccine (n = 70)	P Value	S. pneumoniae + (n = 113)	S. pneumoniae − (n = 59)	P Value
Male sex	52 (51)	41 (59)	.33	60 (53)	33 (56)	.72
Jun-Sep birth	40 (39)	34 (49)	.24	39 (35)^a	35 (60)^a	.002^a
						.50
Preterm birth <37 weeks	8 (7.8)	12 (17)	.07	11 (9.7)	9 (15)	.29
Birth weight <2500 g	21 (24)	18 (28)	.41	22 (22)	17 (32)	.18
Small for gestational age	34 (38)	28 (43)	.34	43 (43)	19 (36)	.39
Indoor cookstove	84 (83)	60 (90)	.25	98 (87)	46 (78)	.19
Maternal influenza vaccine intervention	NA	NA	NA	40 (35)^b	30 (51)^b	.05^a
						.03^b
Age at infection, mean days (95% CI)	96 (87–106)	98 (86–110)	.86	112 (104–120)^b	68 (55–81)^b	<.001^a
						<.001^b

Missing values in the maternal vaccine study arm were: small for gestational age/low birthweight, 13 (placebo), 6 (vaccine); and indoor cookstove, 1 (placebo), 3 (vaccine).

Missing values in pneumococcal carriage were: small for gestational age/low birthweight, 13 (S. pneumoniae +), 6 (S. pneumoniae −).

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; NA, not applicable; S. pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae.

^aSignificant only on univariate analysis.

^bSignificant on univariate and multivariate analysis.