Table 2.
Diagnostic Procedures and Tests for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Used in Hospitalized Patients
| Diagnostic Procedure or Test | Patients, No. (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chronic Lung Diseases (n = 126) | Immunocompromised (n = 90) | Elderly (n = 110) | Other Adults (n = 53) | Overall (N = 379) | |
| RSV test order location | |||||
| In the ED | 45 (35.7) | 20 (22.2) | 34 (30.9) | 13 (24.5) | 112 (29.6) |
| In the hospital ward | 57 (45.2) | 48 (53.3) | 56 (50.9) | 28 (52.8) | 189 (49.9) |
| In the ICU | 19 (15.1) | 19 (21.1) | 20 (18.2) | 9 (17.0) | 67 (17.7) |
| Others | 0 | 1 (1.1) | 0 | 0 | 1 (<1) |
| Don’t know | 5 (4.0) | 2 (2.2) | 0 | 3 (5.6) | 10 (2.6) |
| RSV test ordered specifically? | |||||
| Yes | 3 (2.4) | 5 (6.6) | 6 (5.4) | 3 (5.6) | 17 (4.5) |
| No | 98 (77.8) | 68 (75.6) | 88 (80.0) | 43 (81.1) | 297 (78.3) |
| Others | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.9) | 0 | 1 (<1) |
| Don’t know | 25 (19.8) | 17 (18.9) | 15 (13.6) | 7 (13.2) | 64 (16.7) |
| No. of diagnosis methods used | |||||
| Don’t know | 15 (11.9) | 5 (6.6) | 2 (1.8) | 3 (5.6) | 25 (6.6) |
| 1 | 95 (75.4) | 80 (88.9) | 101 (91.8) | 48 (90.6) | 324 (85.5) |
| 2 | 9 (7.1) | 4 (4.4) | 6 (5.5) | 2 (3.8) | 21 (5.5) |
| 3 | 4 (3.2) | 0 | 1 (0.9) | 0 | 5 (1.3) |
| 4 | 3 (2.4) | 1 (1.1) | 0 | 0 | 4 (1.1) |
| Diagnostic methoda | |||||
| Respiratory virus panel including RSV (multiplex PCR) | 88 (69.8) | 67 (74.4) | 77 (70.0) | 37 (70.0) | 269 (71.0) |
| Specific RSV PCR assay | 20 (15.9) | 17 (18.9) | 21 (19.1) | 8 (15.1) | 66 (17.4) |
| Rapid antigen detection RSV assay | 13 (10.3) | 4 (4.4) | 9 (8.1) | 3 (5.6) | 29 (7.7) |
| Central laboratory PCR RSV assay | 10 (7.9) | 3 (3.3) | 6 (5.5) | 4 (7.5) | 23 (6.1) |
| Cell culture detection RSV assay | 4 (3.2) | 0 | 3 (2.7) | 0 | 7 (1.8) |
| Immunofluorescent RSV assay | 2 (1.6) | 1 (1.1) | 0 | 0 | 3 (<1) |
| Don’t know | 15 (11.9) | 5 (6.6) | 2 (1.8) | 3 (5.6) | 26 (6.9) |
| Sampling method | |||||
| Nasopharyngeal swab | 72 (57.1) | 57 (63.3) | 71 (64.5) | 25 (47.1) | 225 (59.4) |
| Nasal swab | 38 (30.2) | 21 (23.3) | 23 (20.9) | 18 (34.0) | 100 (26.4) |
| Sputum | 14 (11.1) | 4 (4.4) | 12 (10.9) | 7 (13.2) | 37 (9.7) |
| Throat swab | 9 (7.1) | 1 (1.1) | 13 (11.8) | 5 (9.4) | 28 (7.4) |
| Bronchoalveolar lavage | 7 (5.6) | 11 (12.2) | 5 (4.5) | 3 (5.6) | 26 (6.8) |
| Nasal wash | 4 (3.2) | 4 (4.4) | 7 (6.3) | 3 (5.6) | 18 (4.7) |
| Middle turbinate swab | 2 (1.6) | 0 | 2 (1.8) | 1 (1.9) | 5 (1.3) |
| Don’t know | 7 (5.6) | 3 (3.3) | 1 (0.9) | 2 (3.8) | 13 (3.4) |
Abbreviations: ED, emergency department; ICU, intensive care unit; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus.
aPercentages may exceed 100% because >1 diagnostic test may have been used in some patients.