Table 2.
Geometric mean (95%CI) sputum and serum mediator concentration (pg/ml) for all stable and all exacerbation vissits
| Sputum | Serum | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stable (n = 187) | Exacerbation (n = 44) | P-value | Stable (n = 228) | Exacerbation (n = 52) | P-value | |
| IL-1α | 48 (40 to 57) | 50 (29 to 87) | 0.85 | BLQ | BLQ | |
| IL-1β | 59 (47 to 74) | 130 (66 to 253) | 0.01↑ | 3.6 (3.1 to 4.1) | 2.8 (2.1 to 3.8) | 0.13 |
| IL-2 | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.8) | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.9) | 0.02↑ | BLQ | BLQ | |
| IL-5 | 2.5 (1.9 to 3.2) | 2.5 (1.5 to 4.1) | 0.99 | 4.3 (3.8 to 4.9) | 4.2 (3.2 to 5.5) | 0.89 |
| IL-6 | 31 (25 to 40) | 69 (39 to 123) | 0.01↑ | BLQ | BLQ | |
| IL-6R | 195 (169 to 226) | 402 (280 to 577) | < 0.0001↑ | ALQ | ALQ | |
| IL-8 | 2825 (2295 to 3479) | 4507 (3045 to 6671) | 0.05 | 14 (13 to 15) | 13 (11 to 16) | 0.62 |
| IL-15 | 1.6 (1.3 to 1.9) | 2.3 (1.5 to 3.5) | 0.05 | BLQ | BLQ | |
| IL-18 | 25 (22 to 29) | 48 (30 to 76) | 0.001↑ | 323 (304 to 344) | 379 (340 to 422) | 0.02↑ |
| CXCL9 | 526 (406 to 681) | 1432 (801 to 2558) | 0.001↑ | 68 (62 to 75) | 82 (66 to 102) | 0.081 |
| CXCL10 | 632 (506 to 788) | 1220 (723 to 2056) | 0.01↑ | 120 (112 to 129) | 159 (130 to 195) | 0.002↑ |
| CXCL11 | 39 (30 to 51) | 62 (27 to 140) | 0.17 | 135 (125 to 146) | 202 (161 to 252) | < 0.0001↑ |
| CCL2 | 262 (225 to 305) | 375 (258 to 544) | 0.05 | 621 (590 to 653) | 567 (509 to 633) | 0.13 |
| CCL3 | 27.7 (23.0 to 33.3) | 27.3 (16.8 to 44.2) | 0.95 | ALQ | ALQ | |
| CCL4 | 369 (288 to 473) | 574 (328 to 1004) | 0.13 | 192 (179 to 206) | 179 (153 to 211) | 0.42 |
| CCL5 | 6.6 (5.7 to 7.8) | 16.3 (9.9 to 26.7) | < 0.0001↑ | ALQ | ALQ | |
| CCL11 | 48 (41 to 57) | 41 (29 to 59) | 0.44 | 792 (739 to 848) | 785 (668 to 923) | 0.92 |
| CCL13 | 18 (15 to 20) | 14 (11 to 19) | 0.19 | ALQ | ALQ | |
| CCL17 | 30 (25 to 36) | 21 (15 to 31) | 0.12 | 587 (513 to 672) | 582 (455 to 746) | 0.96 |
| CCL26 | 8.6 (6.9 to 11.0) | 8.7 (5.5 to 14) | 0.95 | 12.4 (10.5 to 14.8) | 15.4 (10.0 to 23.7) | 0.31 |
| TNFα | 2.5 (2.0 to 3.2) | 9.6 (4.3 to 21.3) | < 0.0001↑ | 5.1 (4.4 to 5.8) | 5.3 (4.0 to 6.9) | 0.78 |
| TNF-R1 | 424 (360 to 500) | 817 (531 to 1255) | 0.001↑ | 4044 (3850 to 4247) | 4004 (3677 to 4360) | 0.86 |
| TNF-R2 | 200 (164 to 243) | 579 (355 to 943) | < 0.0001↑ | 5407 (5122 to 5708) | 5498 (4886 to 6187) | 0.79 |
| VEGF | 1282 (1161 to 1417) | 1289 (1006 to 1651) | 0.97 | 767 (690 to 853) | 730 (569 to 929) | 0.67 |
| EGF | 424 (371 to 485) | 418 (332 to 528) | 0.92 | 487 (439 to 541) | 387 (276 to 543) | 0.088 |
| SCF | BLQ | BLQ | 90 (84 to 97) | 92 (80 to 105) | 0.83 | |
| ST2 | BLQ | BLQ | 85.7 (77.4 to 94.9) | 105 (83 to 134) | 0.086 | |
| CHTR | 71,358 (54,991 to 92,597) | 191,549 (102,748 to 357,100) | 0.001↑ | 132,039 (114,285 to 152,550) | 118,860 (90,839 to 155,523) | 0.54 |
| Periostin | Not done | Not done | 5.7 (5.3 to 6.2) | 4.7 (3.9 to 5.7) | 0.044↓ | |
| DDP4 | Not done | Not done | 449.5 (433.0 to 466.6) | 418.3 (384.0 to 455.7) | 0.11 | |
BLQ Below limit of quantification, ALQ Above limit of quantification, unit of the mediators is pg/ml, ↑ increase in mediator concentration, ↓ decrease in mediator concentration
All entries in bold are significant