Table 3.
Health workers' perceptions on using mental health indicators in the routine health information system across five LMICs
| India | Nepal | Nigeria | South Africa | Uganda | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 N = 16 |
T2 N = 9 |
T1 N = 50 |
T2 N = 45 |
T1 N = 36 |
T2 N = 36 |
T1 N = 24 |
T2 N = 18 |
T1 N = 26 |
T2 N = 12 |
||
| Item | Response | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) |
| Currently involved in routine data collection? | Yes | 9 | 7 (77.8) | n/a | n/a | 36 (100) | 36 (100) | 21 (87.5) | 13 (72.2) | n/a | n/a |
| 7 | 2 (22.2) | 0 | 0 | 3 (12.5) | 5 (27.8) | ||||||
| Received training on routine data collection? | Yes | 16 | 9 (100) | 43 (86.0) | 43 (95.6) | 18 (50) | 32 (88.9) | 8 (33.3) | 7 (38.9) | 9 (34.6) | 5 (41.7) |
| No | 0 | 0 | 7 (14.0) | 2 (4. 4) | 18 (50) | 4 (11.1) | 16 (66.7) | 11 (61.1) | 17 (65.4) | 7 (58.3) | |
| How many mental illness patients do you see on average in a week? | 1 or fewer | 3 (18.8) | 3 (42.9) | 35 (70.0) | 18 (40.0) | 31 (86.1) | 34 (94.4) | 7 (29.2) | 5 (27.8) | 3 (11.5) | 0 |
| 2–4 per week | 8 (50.0) | 3 (42.9) | 12 (24.0) | 23 (51.1) | 5 (13.9) | 2 (5.6) | 7 (29.2) | 10 (55.6) | 14 (53.9) | 8 (66.7) | |
| 5–7 per week | 3 (18.8) | 0 | 2 (4.0) | 2 (4.4) | 0 | 0 | 2 (8.3) | 2 (11.1) | 4 (15.4) | 4 (33.3) | |
| 8–10 per week | 1 (6.3) | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.2) | 0 | 0 | 4 (16.7) | 0 | 3 (11.5) | 0 | |
| >10 per week | 1 (6) | 1 (14.3) | 1 (2.0) | 1 (2.2) | 0 | 0 | 4 (16.7) | 1 (5.6) | 2 (7.7) | 0 | |
| How much time do you think you spend, on average, with each patient who has mental health problems? | <5 min | 0 | 1 (14.3) | 0 | 0 | 7 (19.4) | 14 (38.9) | 0 | 0 | 3 (11.5) | 0 |
| 5–10 min | 2 (12.5) | 1 (14.3) | 6 (12.0) | 12 (26.7) | 9 (25) | 7 (19.4) | 4 (16.7) | 2 (11.1) | 10 (38.5) | 4 (33.3) | |
| 11–20 min | 0 | 1 (14.3) | 18 (36.0) | 16 (35.6) | 6 (16.7) | 6 (16.7) | 10 (41.7) | 5 (27.8) | 10 (38.5) | 5 (41.7) | |
| 21–30 min | 2 (12.5) | 0 | 13 (26.0) | 10 (22.2) | 7 (19.4) | 5 (13.8) | 9 (37.5) | 7 (38.9) | 2 (7.7) | 3 (25) | |
| >30 min | 12 (75.0) | 4 (57.1) | 13 (26.0) | 7 (15.6) | 7 (19.4) | 4 (11.1) | 1 (4.2) | 4 (22.2) | 1 (3.9) | 0 | |
| How much time do you spend on average recording information for any patient? | <5 min | 1 (6.3) | 0 | 21 (42.0) | 24 (53.3) | 10 (27.8) | 11 (30.6) | 0 | 1 (5.6) | 7 (28.0) | 5 (41.7) |
| 5–10 min | 2 (12.5) | 4 (57.1) | 26 (52.0) | 15 (33.3) | 16 (44.4) | 14 (38.9) | 7 (29.2) | 9 (50.0) | 14 (56) | 5 (41.7) | |
| 11–20 min | 7 (43.8) | 1 (14.3) | 3 (6.0) | 5 (11.1) | 9 (25) | 7 (19.4) | 13 (54.2) | 5 (27.8) | 3 (12.0) | 2 (16.7) | |
| >20 min | 6 (37.5) | 2 (28.6) | 0 | 1 (2.2) | 1 (2.8) | 4 (11.1) | 4 (16.7) | 3 (16.7) | 1 (4.0) | 0 | |
| How much additional time was needed using the new format? | <5 min | 0 | 1 (14.3) | 13 (26.0) | 8 (17.8) | 13 (36.1) | 9 (25) | 12 (50.0) | 2 (11.1) | 14 (53.9) | 4 (33.3) |
| 5–10 min | 6 (37.5) | 4 (57.1) | 24 (48.0) | 30 (66.7) | 8 (22.2) | 15 (41.7) | 11 (45.8) | 11 (61.1) | 10 (38.5) | 4 (33.3) | |
| 11–20 min | 3 (18.8) | 0 | 10 (20.0) | 5 (11.1) | 6 (16.7) | 8 (22.2) | 0 | 1 (5.6) | 2 (7.7) | 3 (25.0) | |
| >20 min | 7 (43.8) | 2 (28.6) | 3 (6.0) | 2 (4.4) | 9 (25) | 4 (11.1) | 1 (4.2) | 4 (22.2) | 0 | 1 (8.3) | |
| How satisfied are you with the new format? | Very dissatisfied | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.0) | 1 (2.2) | 1 (2.8) | 1 (2.8) | 0 | 1 (5.6) | 2 (7.7) | 0 |
| A little dissatisfied | 1 (6.3) | 2 (28.6) | 1 (2.0) | 4 (8.9) | 0 | 1 (2.8) | 0 | 1 (5.6) | 1 (3.9) | 2 (16.7) | |
| Neutral | 3 (18.8) | 0 | 1 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (5.6) | 8 (22.2) | 1 (4.2) | 7 (38.8) | 4 (15.4) | 0 | |
| A little satisfied | 8 (50.0) | 2 (28.6) | 36 (72.2) | 28 (62.2) | 11 (30.6) | 3 (8.3) | 5 (20.8) | 4 (22.2) | 11 (42.3) | 5 (41.7) | |
| Very satisfied | 4 (25.0) | 3 (42.9) | 11 (22.0) | 12 (26.7) | 22 (61.1) | 23 (63.9) | 18 (75.0) | 5 (27.8) | 8 (30.8) | 5 (41.7) | |
| It is possible to use the mental health indicators in routine practice | Strongly disagree | 0 | 0 | 4 (8.0) | 2 (4.4) | 1 (2.8) | 2 (5.6) | 0 | 2 (11.1) | 0 | 0 |
| Disagree | 1 (6.3) | 4(44.4 | 14 (28.0) | 3 (6.7) | 3 (8.3) | 9 (25) | 3 (12.5) | 0 | 4 (15.4) | 4 (33.3) | |
| Neutral | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 (6.7) | 2 (5.6) | 5 (13.9) | 0 | 5 (27.8) | 1 (3.9) | 0 | |
| Agree | 8 (50.0) | 3 (33.3) | 27 (54.0) | 29 (64.4) | 18 (50) | 15 (41.6) | 20 (83.3) | 6 (33.3) | 19 (73.1) | 5 (41.7) | |
| Strongly agree | 7 (43.8) | 2 (22.2) | 5 (10.0) | 8 (17.8) | 12 (33.3) | 5 (13.9) | 1 (4.2) | 5 (27.8) | 2 (7.7) | 3 (25.0) | |
| I do not have enough time to complete additional questions for routine data collection | Strongly disagree | 0 | 0 | 8 (16.0) | 12 (26.7) | 10 (27.8) | 4 (11.1) | 1 (4.2) | 3 (16.7) | 4 (15.4) | 3 (25.0) |
| Disagree | 1 (96.3) | 3 (42.9) | 24 (48.0) | 20 (44.4) | 17 (47.2) | 21 (58.3) | 13 (54.2) | 3 (16.7) | 16 (61.5) | 4 (33.3) | |
| Neutral | 2 (12.5) | 1 (14.3) | 1 (2.0) | 3 (6.7) | 1 (2.8) | 0 | 1 (4.2) | 4 (22.2) | 1 (3.9) | 0 | |
| Agree | 10 (62.5) | 3 (42.9) | 16 (32.0) | 7 (15.6) | 7 (19.4) | 10 (27.8) | 9 (37.5) | 7 (38.9) | 4 (15.4) | 5 (41.7) | |
| Strongly agree | 3 (18.8) | 0 | 1 (2.0) | 3 (6.7) | 1 (2.8) | 1 (2.8) | 0 | 1 (5.6) | 1 (3.9) | 0 | |
| Routine mental health data collection is important | Strongly disagree | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.8) | 1 (2.8) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (16.7) |
| Disagree | 0 | 1 (11.1) | 1 (2.0) | 0 | 1 (2.8) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Neutral | 0 | 1 (11.1) | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.8) | 1 (2.8) | 0 | 1 (5.6) | 0 | 0 | |
| Agree | 1 (6.3) | 6 (66.7) | 15 (30.0) | 20 (44.4) | 23 (63.9) | 16 (44.4) | 14 (58.3) | 10 (55.6) | 12 (46.2) 14 | 4 (33.3) | |
| Strongly agree | 15 (93.8) | 1 (11.1) | 34 (68.0) | 25 (55.6) | 10 (27.8) | 18 (50) | 10 (41.7) | 7 (38.8) | (53.8) | 6 (50.0) | |
| I am interested and willing to be involved in the data collection using these formats | Strongly disagree | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Disagree | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 (50.0) | |
| Neutral | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 (8.3) | 0 | 4 (22.2) | 0 | 1 (8.3) | |
| Agree | 4 (25.0) | 8 (88.9) | 20 (40.0) | 24 (53.3) | 19 (52.8) | 20 (55.6) | 20 (83.3) | 8 (44.4) | 15 (57.7) 11 | 0 | |
| Strongly agree | 12 (75.0) | 1 (11.1) | 30 (60.0) | 21 (46.7) | 17 (47.2) | 13 (36.1) | 4 (16.7) | 6 (33.3) | (42.3) | 5 (41.7) | |
| The data collection format is easy to understand | Strongly disagree | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.8) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Disagree | 0 | 0 | 8 (16.0) | 3 (6.7) | 0 | 2 (5.6) | 0 | 0 | 2 (8.0) | 0 | |
| Neutral | 0 | 1 (11.1) | 6 (12.0) | 1 (2.2) | 0 | 3 (8.3) | 0 | 8 (44.4) | 1 (4.0) | 1 (8.3) | |
| Agree | 12 (75.1) | 4 (44.4) | 26 (52.0) | 29 (64.4) | 27 (75) | 10 (27.7) | 17 (70.8) | 7 (38.9) | 18 (72.0) | 7 (58.3) | |
| Strongly agree | 4 (25.0) | 4 (44.4) | 10 (20.0) | 12 (26.7) | 9 (25) | 20 (55.6) | 7 (29.2) | 3 (16.7) | 4 (16.0) | 4 (33.3) | |
| The individual items appear relevant and useful | Strongly disagree | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Disagree | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.8) | 0 | 0 | 1 (3.9) | 0 | |
| Neutral | 0 | 0 | 2 (4.0) | 1 (2.2) | 1 (2.8) | 2 (5.6) | 0 | 5 (27.8) | 1 (3.9) | 7 (58.3) | |
| Agree | 1 (6.3) | 5 (83.3) | 25 (50.0) | 28 (62.2) | 22 (61.1) | 22 (61.1) | 19 (79.2) | 10 (55.6) | 22 (84.6) | 1 (8.3) | |
| Strongly agree | 15 (93.8) | 1 (16.7) | 23 (46.0) | 16 (35.6) | 13 (36.1) | 11 (30.7) | 5 (20.8) | 3 (16.7) | 2 (7.7) | 4 (33.3) | |
| I believe this form should be part of our normal work | Strongly disagree | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Disagree | 1 (6.3) | 2 (25.0) | 0 | 0 | 2 (5.6) | 0 | 0 | 1 (5.6) | 0 | 1 (8.3) | |
| Neutral | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 (11.1) | 1 (4.2) | 2 (11.1) | 1 (3.9) | 2 (16.7) | |
| Agree | 8 (50.0) | 6 (75.0) | 24 (48.0) | 18 (40.0) | 26 (72.2) | 23 (63.9) | 17 (70.8) | 12 (66.7) | 22 (84.6) | 9 (75.0) | |
| Strongly agree | 7 (43.8) | 0 | 26 (52.0) | 17 (60.0) | 8 (22.2) | 9 (25.0) | 6 (25.0) | 3 (16.7) | 3 (11.5) | 0 | |
| I feel confident using the data collection format | Strongly disagree | 1 (6.3) | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.2) | 3 (8.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Disagree | 0 | 2 (22.2) | 3 (6.0) | 0 | 1 (2.8) | 0 | 0 | 1 (5.6) | 0 | 0 | |
| Neutral | 8 (50.0) | 0 | 2 (4.0) | 1 (2.2) | 1 (2.8) | 4 (11.1) | 1 (4.2) | 8 (44.4) | 1 (3.9) | 6 (50.0) | |
| Agree | 7 (43.8) | 4 (44.4) | 34 (68.0) | 24 (53.3) | 20 (55.6) | 22 (61.1) | 18 (75.0) | 5 (27.8) | 20 (76.9) | 1 (8.3) | |
| Strongly agree | 0 | 3 (33.3) | 11 (22.0) | 19 (42.2) | 11 (30.6) | 10 (27.8) | 5 (20.8) | 4 (22.2) | 5 (19.2) | 5 (41.7) | |