Table 4.

Proportional hazards model analysis for 27,988 outpatients with hypertension and 27,988 outpatients without hypertension (nearest neighbor matching by age, CCI, hospital level, and insurance amount).

	Total		Female		Male
	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)
MDD (yes/no) a	<0.001	1.56(1.29–1.88)	< 0.001	1.53(1.25–1.88)	<0.001	2.69(2.20–3.29)
Gender (male/female)	<0.001	2.85(2.77–2.92)
MDD × gender interaction	<0.001	1.82(1.41–2.35)
Age (years)	<0.001	1.01(1.01–1.01)	0.001	1.00(1.00–1.01)	<0.001	1.02(1.02–1.02)
CCI b	0.906	1(0.99–1.02)	<0.001	0.81(0.78–0.83)	<0.001	1.21(1.16–1.25)
Hospital level (1/4) c	0.702	1.02(0.94–1.1)	<0.001	0.67(0.57–0.78)	<0.001	1.63(1.36–1.96)
Hospital level (2/4)	0.323	1.03(0.97–1.1)	<0.001	0.58(0.51–0.66)	<0.001	1.67(1.44–1.92)
Hospital level (3/4)	0.955	1(0.94–1.07)	<0.001	0.59(0.51–0.68)	<0.001	1.54(1.33–1.78)
Insurance amount (2/1) d	<0.001	0.93(0.91–0.96)	<0.001	0.85(0.80–0.89)	0.384	1.02(0.95–1.09)
Insurance amount (3/1)	<0.001	0.8(0.78–0.83)	<0.001	0.57(0.53–0.61)	<0.001	0.83(0.78–0.89)
1st antipsychotic use e	0.466	1.04(0.93–1.16)	0.446	1.07(0.90–1.27)	0.539	1.23(0.87–1.74)
2nd antipsychotic use e	0.141	1.13(0.96–1.33)	0.014	1.38(1.07–1.77)	0.992	0.84(0.50–1.44)
Antidepressant use	<0.001	1.16(1.07–1.25)	0.003	1.20(1.07–1.35)	0.001	1.44(1.17–1.76)
Mood stabilizer use	0.012	1.21(1.04–1.4)	0.016	1.31(1.05–1.63)	0.151	1.73(1.01–2.96)

^aMDD, major depressive disorder.

^bCCI, ICD-9-CM version of the Charlson Comorbidity Index.

^cHospital level: 1, medical centers; 2, regional hospitals; 3, district hospitals; 4, local clinics.

^dInsurance amount: 1, < 640 US$; 2, 640–1,280 US$; 3, > 1,280 US$; 1 US$ = 30.2 NT$.

^e1st antipsychotic use: first-generation antipsychotic use; 2nd antipsychotics: second-generation antipsychotic use.