Table 3. Regression coefficients (βs) for the multilevel models regressing entitlement on class measures and regional levels of inequality–controlling for additional individual- and regional-level variables.
| Subjective status | Equivalized income (PPP) | Objective class | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | |
| Inequality | 0.02 | (0.03) | 0.01 | (0.03) | 0.01 | (0.03) |
| Subjective status | 0.16*** | (0.01) | ||||
| Subjective status * Inequality |
-0.02* | (0.01) | ||||
| Equivalized income (PPP) | 0.07*** | (0.01) | ||||
| Equivalized income (PPP) * Inequality |
-0.01* | (0.01) | ||||
| Objective class | 0.06*** | (0.01) | ||||
| Objective class * Inequality |
-0.03*** | (0.01) | ||||
| Age | -0.22*** | (0.01) | -0.23*** | (0.01) | -0.23*** | (0.01) |
| Gender | -0.24*** | (0.01) | -0.24*** | (0.01) | -0.24*** | (0.01) |
| Minority | 0.26*** | (0.03) | 0.22*** | (0.03) | 0.22*** | (0.03) |
| Paid work | 0.01 | (0.01) | 0.01 | (0.01) | 0.01 | (0.01) |
| Married | -0.03* | (0.01) | -0.00 | (0.01) | -0.01 | (0.01) |
| Religiosity | 0.01 | (0.01) | 0.02* | (0.01) | 0.02* | (0.01) |
| Conservatism | 0.07*** | (0.01) | 0.09*** | (0.01) | 0.09*** | (0.01) |
| Average income (PPP) | -0.07 | (0.04) | -0.07 | (0.04) | -0.06 | (0.04) |
| Population size | 0.06 | (0.04) | 0.06 | (0.05) | 0.06 | (0.05) |
| Percentage urban | -0.10* | (0.04) | -0.10* | (0.04) | -0.09* | (0.04) |
| Age diversity | -0.18*** | (0.03) | -0.19*** | (0.03) | -0.18*** | (0.03) |
| Sex diversity | -0.14*** | (0.03) | -0.12*** | (0.03) | -0.12*** | (0.03) |
| Origin diversity | 0.00 | (0.03) | -0.00 | (0.03) | -0.00 | (0.03) |
| n | 20715 | 20715 | 20715 | |||
Sociodemographic variables are part of the ESS core questionnaire, regional variables retrieved from Eurostat. Age was recoded into 14 five-year groups and z-standardized afterwards. Gender is coded 0 = male and 1 = female. Minority is coded 0 = not belonging to minority group in country and 1 = belonging to minority group. Paid work = 1 if respondent engaged in paid work in the past 7 days, zero otherwise. All other variables are globally z-standardized (M = 0, SD = 1).
* p < 0.05
** p < 0.01
*** p < 0.001