Table 2.
Characteristics of the Study Cohorts Describing Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Children From the General Population With no ASD Diagnosis (POP Cohort) [Vargason etal., 2019], and of the Three ASD Clusters
| Characteristic | POP cohort | ASD cohort | ASD cluster 1 (high-prevalence) |
ASD cluster 2 (mid-prevalence) |
ASD cluster 3 (low-prevalence) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 279,693 | 3,278 | 776 | 870 | 1,632 |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 141,800 (50.7%) | 2,673 (81.5%) | 657 (84.7%) | 699 (80.3%) | 1,317 (80.7%) |
| Female | 137,893 (49.3%) | 606 (18.5%) | 119 (15.3%) | 171 (19.7%) | 315 (19.3%) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||
| White | 211,368 (75.6%) | 2,489 (75.9%) | 570 (73.5%) | 653 (75.1%) | 1,266 (77.6%) |
| Asian | 17,467 (6.2%) | 236 (7.2%) | 61 (7.9%) | 82 (9.4%) | 93 (5.7%) |
| Black | 21,739 (7.8%) | 230 (7.0%) | 65 (8.4%) | 49 (5.6%) | 116 (7.1%) |
| Hispanic | 29,119 (10.4%) | 323 (9.9%) | 80 (10.3%) | 86 (9.9%) | 157 (9.6%) |
| Census division | |||||
| New England | 8,694 (3.1%) | 127 (3.9%) | 27 (3.5%) | 39 (4.5%) | 61 (3.7%) |
| Mid Atlantic | 24,221 (8.7%) | 430 (13.1%) | 130 (16.8%) | 101 (11.6%) | 199 (12.2%) |
| East North Central | 45,259 (16.2%) | 445 (13.6%) | 86 (11.1%) | 113 (13.0%) | 246 (15.1%) |
| West North Central | 37,948 (13.6%) | 455 (13.9%) | 79 (10.2%) | 128 (14.7%) | 248 (15.2%) |
| South Atlantic | 70,194 (25.1%) | 908 (27.7%) | 253 (32.6%) | 213 (24.5%) | 442 (27.1%) |
| East South Central | 8,704 (3.1%) | 88 (2.7%) | 22 (2.8%) | 26 (3.0%) | 40 (2.5%) |
| West South Central | 41,970 (15.0%) | 362 (11.0%) | 101 (13.0%) | 97 (11.1%) | 164 (10.0%) |
| Mountain | 23,750 (8.5%) | 204 (6.2%) | 31 (4.0%) | 69 (7.9%) | 104 (6.4%) |
| Pacific | 18,839 (6.7%) | 259 (7.9%) | 47 (6.1%) | 84 (9.7%) | 128 (7.8%) |
| Other | 114 (<0.1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Mean number of COC categories diagnosed | 2.30 (1.15) | 3.80 (1.39) | 4.69 (1.13) | 4.22 (1.17) | 3.14(1.27) |
Note. When counts are given, the percentage of the respective cohort/cluster is provided in parentheses. Mean numbers of co-occurring condition (COC) categories diagnosed during the 5-year enrollment period are reported with the standard deviation in parentheses.