TABLE 1.

Key advances in drug allergy, urticaria, hereditary angioedema and anaphylaxis in 2018

		Advances	References
Treatment recommendations	Drug allergy	Drug allergy pathways should be implemented.	16, 18
		Vigorous penicillin de-labeling is cost effective.	17
	Urticaria	Omalizumab is safe and effective in extended dosing.	33
		Omalizumab is efficacious for several types of inducible urticaria.	29, 37
		Guideline based algorithm for treatment is effective in the realworld.	40
	Hereditary angioedema	All attacks should be considered for on demand treatment and treated as soon as possible.	49
		All patients should have on demand therapy available (two doses).	49
		Long-term prophylactic treatment is appropriate for patients with HAE who do not achieve adequate benefit from on-demand therapy.	49
	Anaphylaxis	Provider education on anaphylaxis diagnostic criteria should be delivered.	98
		Emergency department patients should be discharged with an EIA device.	98
Emerging therapies	Drug allergy	Telemedicine for penicillin delabeling (observational study).	19
		Penicillin challenge without prior skin testing (observational study + clinical trial).	20, 21
	Urticaria	IL-1 inhibitors (case reports).	41
		Anti-IgE (Ligelizumab) (clinical trials).	41
		Syk inhibitors (clinical trials).	41
		BTK inhibitors (clinical trials).	41
	Hereditary angioedema	Oral kallikrein inhibitors for acute treatment and long-term prophylaxis (clinical trials).	42, 70, 75–76
		Recombinant C1INH for long-term prophylaxis and in pediatric patients (clinical trials).	69
		Human monoclonal antibody against factor XII for long-term prophylaxis (clinical trials).	72
		Anti-sense oligonucleotide to reduce the production of prekallikrein (clinical trials).	73
		Gene therapy to correct C1-inhibitor deficiency (early development).	74
		Oral bradykinin receptor antagonist (early development).	76
	Anaphylaxis	Imatinib (mouse studies).	88
		Immune checkpoint modifiers (proposed).	105