Table 4.
Adjusted odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals and p values for the association between patient characteristics, pattern of injury and in-hospital mortality
| Independent variable | Odds ratio | 95% Confidence interval | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | |||
| 65–80 | ref | ||
| 81–90 | 1.4 | 0.6–3.2 | 0.44 |
| ≥ 91 | 3.4 | 1.5–7.6 | 0.003 |
| History of cardiac disease (Yes) | 2.6 | 1.4–4.7 | 0.003 |
| History of COPD GOLD 2 or more | 1.3 | 1.4–12.7 | 0.01 |
| Number of rib fractures | 2.087 | 1.249–3.489 | 0.005 |
| 1 | Ref | ||
| 2–3 | 0.9 | 0.4–2.0 | 0.78 |
| > 3 | 1.2 | 0.6–2.9 | 0.56 |
| Multiple unspecified | 2.6 | 1.1–6.0 | 0.03 |
| Severity of head injury (AIS) | |||
| None or minor | Ref | ||
| Moderate | 0.6 | 0.12–2.4 | 0.42 |
| Severe or worse | 3.5 | 1.9–6.4 | < 0.001 |
| Severity of abdominal injury (AIS) | |||
| None or minor | ref | ||
| Moderate | 2.4 | 0.8–7.4 | 0.13 |
| Severe or worse | 6.8 | 1.8–25.4 | 0.004 |
| Severity of spine injury (AIS) | |||
| None or minor | Ref | ||
| Moderate | 1.6 | 0.7–3.9 | 0.30 |
| Severe or worse | 4.6 | 1.9–11.2 | 0.001 |
| Need for chest-tube drainage (yes) | 2.0 | 1.1–3.7 | 0.03 |
AIS Abbreviated Injury Score, ISS Injury Severity Score