Table 4.
Consumption of Processed Meat, Unprocessed Red Meat, Poultry, and Fish/Shellfish among US Adults Aged 20+ Years by Age, Sex, Race/Ethnicity, Education, and Family Income, NHANES 2015–2016 a
| Processed Meat | Unprocessed Red Mea | Poultry | Fish/Shellfish | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weighted Mean Intake (95% CI), g/wk b | ||||
| Age group, years | ||||
| 20–34 | 187 (161, 213) | 267 (243, 291) | 380 (331, 430) | 102 (80, 124) |
| 35–49 | 191 (163, 220) | 287 (253, 320) | 323 (285, 361) | 141 (99, 183) |
| 50–64 | 189 (173, 206) | 309 (277, 342) | 254 (219, 290) | 123 (84, 162) |
| ≥65 | 177 (154, 200) | 271 (228, 314) | 239 (195, 282) | 97 (76, 118) |
| P-difference = 0.60 | P-difference = 0.02 | P-difference <0.001 | P-difference <0.001 | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 226 (206, 245) | 343 (309, 377) | 327 (286, 367) | 113 (79, 146) |
| Female | 150 (143, 158) | 229 (205, 252) | 281 (253, 309) | 120 (102, 137) |
| P-difference <0.001 | P-difference <0.001 | P-difference <0.001 | P-difference = 0.42 | |
| Race/ Ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 210 (193, 227) | 272 (244, 300) | 269 (230, 307) | 95 (72, 119) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 167 (146, 189) | 266 (230, 302) | 422 (378, 467) | 160 (132, 187) |
| Hispanic | 135 (117, 154) | 328 (297, 359) | 351 (315, 386) | 130 (101, 159) |
| Other | 130 (92, 168) | 313 (269, 358) | 323 (282, 364) | 185 (139, 230) |
| P-difference <0.001 | P-difference <0.001 | P-difference <0.001 | P-difference <0.001 | |
| Education level | ||||
| <High school graduate | 174 (144, 204) | 303 (243, 364) | 299 (264, 335) | 119 (88, 150) |
| High school graduate or GED c | 188 (169, 207) | 306 (270, 342) | 300 (246, 355) | 107 (93, 121) |
| Some college | 201 (182, 221) | 288 (264, 312) | 298 (257, 339) | 116 (78, 155) |
| College graduate or above | 176 (160, 191) | 256 (225, 287) | 312 (277, 346) | 121 (92, 149) |
| P-difference = 0.03 | P-difference <0.01 | P-difference = 0.77 | P-difference = 0.73 | |
| Ratio of family income to poverty level d | ||||
| ˂1.30 | 174 (143, 204) | 280 (251, 308) | 322 (281, 363) | 119 (93, 145) |
| 1.30–1.84 | 178 (148, 208) | 295 (254, 336) | 245 (206, 285) | 148 (77, 220) |
| 1.85–2.99 | 197 (164, 229) | 296 (253, 339) | 286 (248, 324) | 93 (65, 121) |
| ≥3.00 | 193 (171, 215) | 278 (250, 307) | 315 (272, 358) | 117 (85, 149) |
| P-difference = 0.17 | P-difference = 0.60 | P-difference <0.01 | P-difference = 0.01 | |
NHANES = National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
CI = confidence interval. Means and 95% CIs were adjusted for survey weights, and for total energy intake to 2000 kcal/d using the residual method.
GED = general equivalency diploma
Ratio of family income to poverty level is the ratio of family income to the federal poverty threshold adjusted for household size. For reference, the federal threshold in 2014 for a family of four was $23,850/y. A family of four earning $44,123/y would have a ratio of 1.85. A ratio < 1.30 indicates a lower level of income and a ratio ≥ 3 indicates a higher level of income.