Table 1:
Characteristics of ZIKV Exposed Neonates and Neurodevelopmental and Neurosensory Assessments
| Demographics at birth | N=216 | 100% | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean maternal age at birth and SD | 30.3 years | ± 6.3 years | ||||
| Infant gender | ||||||
| Female | 106 | 49.1% | ||||
| Male | 110 | 50.9% | ||||
| Preterm infants | 28 | 13.0% | ||||
| < 37 to ≥ 35 weeks | 18 | 8.3% | ||||
| < 35 weeks | 10 | 4.6% | ||||
| Small for gestational age | 10 | 4.6% | ||||
| Microcephaly | 8 | 3.7% | ||||
| Primary | 4 | 1.9% | ||||
| Secondary* | 2 | 0.9% | ||||
| Resolved** | 2 | 0.9% | ||||
| Interviews and Bayley III neurodevelopmental assessments at 7 – 32 months of age (n=216) V |
Normal (N) | % | Abnormal (N) | % | % | |
| 154 | 71.3% | 62 | 28.7% | |||
| Bayley-III assessments (N=146) | Between −1 SD and −2 SD (N) |
% | Below −2 SD (N) |
% | ||
| All (N=146) | 87 | 59.6% | 41 | 28.1% | 18 | 12.3% |
| Cognitive (N=146) | 132 | 90.4% | 6 | 4.1% | 8 | 5.5% |
| Language (N=146) | 95 | 65.1% | 34 | 23.3% | 17 | 11.6% |
| Motor (N=146) | 122 | 83.6% | 17 | 11.6% | 7 | 4.8% |
| Other Neurosensory assessments | ||||||
| Hearing (N=114) | 101 | 89% | 13 | 12% | ||
| Funduscopic eye exams (N=137) | 128 | 94% | 9 | 7% | ||
Two infants born with normal head circumference developed microcephaly in the first year of life.
One infant born with proportionate microcephaly developed normal head circumference over time and one infant born with cranial synostosis improved head circumference after surgery.
Neurodevelopmental interviews evaluated time of achievement of developmental stages by an adaptation of the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) scheme, evaluating neurological exam, motor function and state of behavior in infants from 2 to 36 months. For Bayley-III, The “All” category depicts the lowest score observed in one of the 3 functional domains. One standard deviation (SD) below normal corresponds to a Bayley III composite score below 85; two standard deviations below normal corresponds to a Bayley III composite score below 70.