In the hippocampus of 6 or 16 months old wild-type (WT; black bars) and transgenic AD (Tg AD; striped bars) rats, we measured: (A) protein levels of GFAP, tissue levels of (B) L-serine and (C) glutamate, protein levels of (D) death associated protein kinase (DAPK), (E) phospho-GluN2B Ser1303, and (F) phospho-Akt-Ser473. Asterisk (*) and # indicates significant difference from 6-months and 16-months old WT, respectively (P < 0.05). ^ indicated significant difference between genotypes. All values represent the mean ± SEM.