Table 2. The definitions of indicators used to measure the quality of diabetes care in this study.

Category	Continuity of care	Process of care				Intermediate outcome
Indicators	Medication possession ratio	HbA1c test	Lipid profile	Microalbuminuria test	Eye examination	BP control	LDL control
Recommendation	80% or morea	Twice a yearb	Once a yearb	Once a yearb	Biennialb	140/80 mmHgc	100 mg/dLb
Standards for this study	80% or more	Once a year	Once a year	Once a year	Biennial	140/80 mmHg	100 mg/dL
Numerator	The sum of days prescribed diabetes medication	The number of the type 2 diabetes who received each test				The number of the diabetes who had target or lower level of BP or LDL
Denominator	The sum of person-days of the type 2 diabetes	Total number of the type 2 diabetes				Total number of the type 2 diabetes
Criteria	Medication	Procedure codes				Population
	Biguanides, non-sulfonylureas, sulfonylureas, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, insulin, thiazolidinediones, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, incretin analogues	C3825	C2411	C2301	E6660	Calculated only for those who received national health screening
			C2420	C2302	E6670
			C2443	C7230	E6681
			C2430

HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c, BP = blood pressure, LDL = low-density lipoprotein.

^aStandard for the incentive for the medical care to chronic disease management (2012, Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service); ^bTreatment guideline for diabetes (2015, Korean Diabetes Association); ^cClinical practice guideline for the prevention and management of diabetes in Korea (2015, Korean National Diabetes Program).