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. 2019 Aug 7;14:6231–6247. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S215447

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© 2019 Ibrahim et al.

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NMFTC in vitro characteristics. (A) Cytotoxicity was assessed in MDMs by MTT assay after 4 days of treatment with FTC or MFTC or NMFTC over a range of concentrations (10–400 µM). Results were normalized to untreated control cells. (B) Drug uptake in MDMs was measured over 24 hrs showing higher NMFTC uptake compared to FTC reaching high peak after 4 hrs. Intracellular FTC-TP concentrations demonstrate higher (C) uptake of NMFTC over 8-hr period, and longer (D) retention after 8-hr exposure for up to 10 days as compared to FTC. (E) TEM showing an MDM loaded with NMFTC (white clusters) after 4-hr exposure. Results in (A), (B), (C) and (D) are shown as mean±SD, n=3; *P≤0.05, **P≤0.01, ***P≤0.001.

Abbreviations: MDM, monocyte-derived macrophage; FTC, emtricitabine; NMFTC, nanoparticle of modified FTC prodrug; TEM, transmission electron microscopy; CCK-8: cell counting kit-8.