Figure 1.

Metabolic dependencies of histone acetylation and methylation. Enzymes that catalyze post-translational modifications of histone tails (writers—histone methyltransferases [KMT] and acetyltransferases (HAT or KAT), erasers—histone demethylases (KDM) and deacetylases (HDAC, SIRT)) use key metabolic intermediates (SAM, Acetyl-CoA) as substrates). The availability and flux of these metabolic substrates in the nucleus impact levels of histone modifications, which subsequently influences gene expression, thus linking gene regulation with the metabolic status of the cell.