. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Affect Disord. 2019 May 11;254:59–68. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.05.017

Table 5.

Measurement invariance testing for one- and two-factor PHQ-9 models between American Indian and Caucasian American adults ages 18 and over.

Models	χ² (df)	χ²_diff (df)^a	CFI	ΔCFI	TLI	RMSEA (CI)	SRMR	WRMR
1) One-Factor^b
Configural	234.75 (54)^***		0.995		0.994	0.043 (0.037-0.049)	0.036	2.09
Metric	366.17 (62)^***	70.32 (8)^***	0.992	−0.003	0.991	0.052 (0.047-0.057)	0.043	2.60
Scalar	381.50 (70)^***	30.43 (8)^***	0.992	0.000	0.992	0.050 (0.045-0.055)	0.044	2.66
2A) Two-Factor^b
Configural	186.80 (52)^***		0.997		0.995	0.038 (0.032-0.044)	0.033	1.86
Metric	318.75 (59)^***	70.22 (7)^***	0.993	−0.004	0.992	0.049 (0.044-0.055)	0.040	2.43
Scalar	333.92 (66)^***	31.12 (7)^***	0.993	0.000	0.993	0.047 (0.042-0.052)	0.041	2.49
2B) Two-Factor^b
Configural	166.15 (52)^***		0.997		0.996	0.035 (0.029-0.041)	0.031	1.75
Metric	255.08 (59)^***	47.89 (7)^***	0.995	−0.002	0.994	0.043 (0.038-0.048)	0.037	2.17
Scalar	269.51 (66)^***	29.94 (7)^***	0.995	0.000	0.994	0.041 (0.036-0.046)	0.038	2.23
2C) Two-Factor^b
Configural	212.57 (52)^***		0.996		0.994	0.041 (0.036-0.047)	0.034	1.98
Metric	337.33 (59)^***	66.01 (7)^***	0.993	−0.003	0.991	0.051 (0.046-0.056)	0.041	2.50
Scalar	351.75 (66)^***	29.12 (7)^***	0.993	0.000	0.992	0.049 (0.044-0.054)	0.042	2.55
2D) Two-Factor^b
Configural	202.26 (52)^***		0.996		0.995	0.040 (0.034-0.046)	0.035	1.94
Metric	330.23 (59)^***	68.00 (7)^***	0.993	−0.003	0.992	0.050 (0.045-0.056)	0.042	2.47
Scalar	345.73 (66)^***	31.57 (7)^***	0.993	0.000	0.992	0.048 (0.043-0.054)	0.043	2.53
2E) Two-Factor^c
Configural	77.96 (26)^***		0.998		0.997	0.032 (0.024-0.040)	0.025	1.49
Metric	101.28 (31)^***	15.42 (5)^**	0.998	0.000	0.997	0.034 (0.027-0.042)	0.028	1.70
Scalar	112.35 (36)^***	23.80 (5)^***	0.997	−0.001	0.997	0.033 (0.026-0.040)	0.030	1.79

Note. CI = Confidence interval. df = Degrees of freedom. Δ = Change between nested models. Preferred fit indexes: nonsignificant χ² and χ²_diff; ΔCFI no more than −0.01; CFI and TLI at least > 0.90 and preferably > 0.95; REMSEA < 0.05 or at most < 0.08; SRMR < 0.08 or at most < 0.10; WRMR around 1.00 (Bentler, 1990; Cheung and Rensvold, 2002; Steenkamp and Baumgartner, 1998; Vandenberg and Lance, 2000; Yu, 2002).

^**

p < 0.01.

^***

p < 0.001.

Satorra and Bentler (2001) scaled χ²_diff test.

American Indian n = 1,806; Caucasian American n = 1,811.

American Indian n = 1,947; Caucasian American n = 1,931.