Table 1.

Documented North American haemosporidian infections in Piciformes (1937–2018)^a.

Species	No. examined	No. infected	Leucocytozoon	Infected with Haemoproteus	Plasmodium
Colaptes auratus	198	108	22	78	8
Picoides arcticus	9	4	1	3	0
Dryobates borealis	70	1	0	1	0
D. pubescens	140	14	0	14	0
D. villosus	44	26	3	23	0
Hylatomus pileatus	1	1	0	1	0
Melanerpes erythrocephalus	19	2	0	2	0
M. formicivorus	19	0	0	0	0
M. carolinus	243	64	0	63	1
Sphyrapicus nuchalis	10	1	0	1	0
S. varius	39	13	1	11	1
Total	792	234	27	197	10
Overall prevalence (%)		29.5	3.4	24.9	1.2

^aCoatney and Roudabush (1937); Coatney (1938); Huff (1939); Herman (1944); Bennett and Fallis (1960); Collins et al., (1966); Khan and Fallis (1971); Greiner et al., 1975, Greiner et al., 1977; Pung et al., 2000; Ricklefs and Fallon (2002); Schrader et al., (2003); Martinsen et al., (2008); Astudillo et al., (2013); Medeiros et al., (2014), 2015; Ellis et al., (2015); Walther et al., (2016); Smith et al., (2018).