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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Neuropsychol. 2019 Jul 28;44(5):429–442. doi: 10.1080/87565641.2019.1645143

Table 1.

Demographics of the sample

NDE (N=34) PCE (N=49) F or chi square p

Age 17.1 (1.9) 17.6(2.0) 1.01 0.30

Gender (M) 19(15) 21(28) 0.63 0.56

Mother completed HS (No) 17(7) 37(11) .326 .57

Ethnicity 1.55 0.22

African American 23 44
Hispanic/Latino 2 1
Caucasian 9 3
Other 0 1

Substance Initiation by subject; N(%)

Alcohol 11(32) 34(69) 11.09 0.002

Marijuana 13(38) 31(63) 5.048 0.028

tobacco 8(23) 16(32) 0.72 0.463

Any 18(52) 38(77) 5.7 0.031