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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Med Care. 2019 Sep;57(9):673–679. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000001162

Table 4:

Monte Carlo simulation results of costs associated with change in utilization

Mean (2018
dollars)		 Standard
Deviation		 Min Max
Total Cost Savings - PMPM −69.42 51.17 −318.74 46.58
Total Cost Savings - annual −833.01 614.04 −3824.82 558.98
Cost of SBIRT 51.05 9.82 27.87 75.26
Total Net Cost Savings −781.97 608.75 −3751.85 626.66

Note: Simulation is based on 10,000 trials with mean and standard deviations as noted. Ninety-five percent of trials resulted in positive net cost offset.