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. 2019 Aug 12;9:11666. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48053-z

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Involvement of endothelial RhoA in VEGF- and S1P-induced cell proliferation and migration. (A,B) Representative images (upper panel) and quantification (lower panel) of RhoA activation in HUVECs. Cells were stimulated with VEGF (100 ng/ml) (n = 5) (A) and S1P (500 nM) (n = 9) (B) in the presence or absence of C3 toxin (20 ng/ml) treatment. Full-length blots are presented in Supplementary Fig. 4. (C) Representative image of western blot analysis (upper panel) and quantification (lower panel) of RhoA expression after transfection with siRNA control (siNEG) and two sequences of siRNA for RhoA (siRhoA#1 and siRhoA#2) (50 nM) (n = 3). Full-length blots are presented in Supplementary Fig. 5. (D) Quantification of VEGF- (100 ng/ml) and S1P-induced (500 nM) cell proliferation (n = 6) and cell migration (n = 6) (E) of HUVECs treated with the corresponding siRNAs. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.