Table 4.

Predictors of non-persistence to antidiabetic therapy at 1-year post-initiation.

Characteristics	Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	P-value	Adjusted HR (95% CI)	P-value
Age
40–59	0.977 (0.895–1.066)	0.601	1.094 (0.999–1.197)	0.052
60–79	Reference		Reference
≥80	1.440 (1.265–1.639)	<0.001	1.268 (1.109–1.449)	0.001*
Sex
Female	1.072 (0.988–1.162)	0.093	0.985 (0.906–1.071)	0.724
Male	Reference		Reference
Type of therapy in data index
Metformin	Reference		Reference
Sulfonylureas	1.770 (1.572–1.993)	<0.001	1.697 (1.500–1.920)	<0.001*
Area of living
Rural	Reference		Reference
Urban	1.316 (1.124–1.540)	0.001	1.309 (1.117–1.533)	0.001*
Polypharmacy
0–5 (no-polypharmacy)	Reference		Reference
6–9 (polypharmacy)	1.122 (1.006–1.250)	0.038	1.131 (1.011–1.265)	0.032*
≥10 (Excessive polypharmacy)	1.512 (1.378–1.659)	<0.001	1.505 (1.359–1.668)	<0.001*
Therapy change
No	Reference		Reference
Yes	0.913 (0.816–1.020)	0.108	0.818 (0.728–0.919)	0.001*
Dose change
None	Reference		Reference
Decrease	0.552 (0.440–0.693)	<0.001	0.596 (0.474–0.750)	<0.001*
Increase	0.342 (0.282–0.415)	<0.001	0.355 (0.291–0.432)	<0.001*
Insulin addition
No	Reference		Reference
Yes	0.874 (0.683–1.119)	0.286	0.979 (0.760–1.262)	0.871
Neuro-psychiatric drugs
No	Reference		Reference
Yes	1.225 (1.111–1.352)	<0.001	1.058 (0.953–1.174)	0.292

*P-value less of 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.