TABLE 1.

Characteristics of the NC, HG, HF, and M cohorts^a.

Characteristics	NC	HG	HF	M	P-value
Age	28.2 ± 0.0.8	29.3 ± 0.9	27.3 ± 0.6	29.1 ± 0.7	0.2
Gestational week at examination	32.7 ± 0.3	31.2 ± 0.5	32.2 ± 0.8	31.8 ± 0.8	0.4
BMI (kg/m2)	26.7.0 ± 0.6	26.6 ± 1.1	26.9 ± 0.7	25.5 ± 0.8	0.6
Ethnicity,%
Xanthoderm	11	11	11	12
Other	0	0	0	0
FPG (mmol/L)	4.5 ± 0.08∗‡	5.0 ± 0.09∗§	4.6 ± 0.1§¶	5.1 ± 0.2‡¶	0.0006
2-h PG (mmol/L)	6.6 ± 0.37∗‡	8.3 ± 0.4∗¥	6.1 ± 0.3¥¶	8.1 ± 0.4‡¶	<0.0001
TC (mmol/L)	5.1 ± 0.2†‡	5.6 ± 0.1§¶	6.6 ± 0.3†§	7.2 ± 0.2‡¶	<0.0001
TG (mmol/L)	2.1 ± 0.08†‡	2.4 ± 0.08¶	2.7 ± 0.1†	3.3 ± 0.3‡¶	<0.0001
HDL (mmol/L)	1.8 ± 0.08‡	1.9 ± 0.05¶	1.7 ± 0.1	1.5 ± 0.07‡¶	0.02
LDL (mmol/L)	2.1 ± 0.2†‡	2.4 ± 0.1§¶	3.6 ± 0.2†§	3.5 ± 0.2‡¶	<0.0001

Data are mean ± SEM, unless otherwise stated. Clinical characteristics and biochemical variables of four cohorts at 24–28 weeks’ gestation. ^aNC, control; HG, gestational diabetes; HF, hyperlipidemia; M, gestational diabetes mellitus with hyperlipidemia. ^bIndependent ANOVA analysis was used to test for significant differences (P < 0.05) in each variable between the four cohorts. ^∗, ^†, ^‡, ^§, and ^¶ indicate significant differences between the NC and HG cohorts, between the NC and HF cohorts, between the NC and M cohorts, between HG and HF cohorts, and between HG and M cohorts, respectively.