Table 4.

Summary of evidence for effect by outcome types, exposure types and gender.

Peer exposure type	Studies	Outcome types
		Sexual debut	Condom use	Combined ‘risky’ sexual behaviour	Age difference with first sexual partner
Peer socio-demographic attributes	Lam et al.	♦ f, 0m			♦ f**, 0m
Perceived peer behaviours	Kabiru et al.	♦ f, 0f* 0m
	Kawai et al.	♦b
	Harrison et al.	0f,♦m	♦ m,0f
	Balabola et al.	♦ f,♦m
	Cherie et al.	♦b
	Brook et al.			♦ f, ♦ m, ♦ b
Peer approval norms	Kawai et al.	0b
	Balabola et al.		0b
	Kakoko	♦b
	McQuestion et al.	♦ f,♦m
Peer connectedness	Wild et al.			♦ f,0m
	Mkandawire et al.	0f,0m

Key

^♦Good statistical evidence for effect (p < 0.05, 95% Cl’s do not cross the null).

⁰Lack of statistical evidence for an effect (p > 0.05, 95% Cl’s cross the null).

^fAmong females.

^mAmong males.

^bAmong both males and females in a pooled analysis.

^*Significant for just one female sub-group.

^**Weaker evidence, p = 0.06.