Table 4.
Regression model estimating the influence of patient characteristics on (A) changes in health utilisation after switch, and (B) changes in costs after switch. Models include interaction term ‘after’ and adjusting variables†
| Interaction term | |||||||
| After*gender (Male=1) | After*age/year | After*ETA duration‡ | |||||
| Exp (estimate) | P value | Exp (estimate) | P value | Exp (estimate) | P value | ||
| (A) Changes in health utilisation per patient | |||||||
| Inpatient services | Number of inpatient admissions | 0.98 (0.64–1.48) | 0.907 | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 0.208 | 1.11 (0.97–1.27) | 0.136 |
| Number of days in hospital | 0.83 (0.40–1.73) | 0.622 | 1.02 (0.99–1.04) | 0.200 | 1.12 (0.87–1.43) | 0.392 | |
| Outpatient | Number of outpatient visits | 1.01 (0.95–1.07) | 0.826 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.841 | 1.07 (1.05– 1.19) | <0.0001 |
| Medication | Pain medication, DDD | 1.01 (0.94–1.09) | 0.777 | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.763 | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) | 0.293 |
| Other medication | 0.98 (0.93–1.03) | 0.431 | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.383 | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 0.767 | |
| Total | 0.98 (0.94–1.03) | 0.477 | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.344 | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 0.571 | |
| (B) Changes in health costs per patient | |||||||
| Inpatient services | Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | 0.61 (0.23–1.61) | 0.321 | 1.03 (1.00–1.05) | 0.066 | 1.19 (0.88–1.66) | 0.251 |
| Other diseases | 0.99 (0.58–1.72) | 0.984 | 1.03 (1.01– 1.05) | 0.002 | 1.00 (0.82–1.21) | 0.966 | |
| Total | 0.97 (0.60–1.58) | 0.903 | 1.03 (1.01– 1.04) | 0.002 | 1.02 (0.87–1.21) | 0.784 | |
| Outpatient services | Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | 1.08 (0.98–1.19) | 0.126 | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.976 | 1.04 (1.00–1.08) | 0.072 |
| Other diseases | 1.15 (0.89–1.48) | 0.284 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.304 | 1.10 (1.01– 1.19) | 0.028 | |
| Total | 1.08 (0.99–1.18) | 0.093 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.521 | 1.04 (1.00– 1.08) | 0.036 | |
| Primary sector | General practitioner | 1.07 (0.98–1.16) | 0.153 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.682 | 1.04 (1.01– 1.08) | 0.007 |
| Other practicing specialist | 1.04 (0.80–1.36) | 0.756 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.668 | 0.99 (0.89–1.09) | 0.810 | |
| Physiotherapist, chiropractor, foot specialist | 1.02 (0.91–1.15) | 0.705 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.256 | 0.99 (0.95–1.04) | 0.754 | |
| Other | 1.06 (0.90–1.24) | 0.484 | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.719 | 0.98 (0.92–1.04) | 0.465 | |
| Total | 1.05 (0.98–1.13) | 0.176 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.423 | 1.00 (0.98–1.03) | 0.769 | |
| Medication§ | Pain medication | 0.99 (0.88–1.10) | 0.823 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.957 | 1.03 (0.99–1.07) | 0.119 |
| Other medication | 0.94 (0.85–1.04) | 0.214 | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.375 | 1.00 (0.97–1.04) | 0.835 | |
| Total | 0.96 (0.88–1.04) | 0.287 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.404 | 1.01 (0.98–1.03) | 0.513 | |
| Total costs | 1.03 (0.94–1.14) | 0.516 | 1.00 (1.00–1.01) | 0.085 | 1.03 (0.99–1.07) | 0.146 | |
Statistically significant results are marked with bold types.
†Adjusted for gender, age, dead in post period, duration of ETA before index date, stopped SB4 treatment within 180 days and comorbidities 12–24 months before index date.
‡ETA duration as categories.
§Medication handled by prescription included (ETA, SB4 not included).