Table 3.
Comparison of average proportion of intrusion errors on LASSL-L as a function of total responses on measures of maximum learning on subscales susceptible to proactive and retroactive semantic interference across different groups (N = 247)
| LASSL-L indices | English-speaking CN, n = 62 | Spanish-speaking CN, n = 51 | English-speaking aMCI, n = 71 | Spanish-speaking aMCI, n = 63 | F-value adjusted for age, education, and sex | P value | Uncorrected effect size eta-squared |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean % List A2 semantic intrusions (maximum storage) | 2.6%a | 4.1%a | 6.5%ab | 9.9%bc | 7.02 | <.001 | 10.98 % |
| SD = 4.5% (range 0.0–.19) | SD = 6.0% (range 0.0–.24) | SD = 9.2% (range 0.0–.31) | SD = 13.0% (range 0.0–.33) | ||||
| Mean % List B1 semantic intrusions (PSI) | 28.0%a | 27.3%a | 41.9%b | 41.6%b | 6.79 | <.001 | 10.17 % |
| SD = 21% (range = 0.00–.71) | SD = 20% (range = 0.00–.82) | SD = 23% (range = 0.00–.92) | SD = 19.2% (range = 0.00–.78) | ||||
| Mean % List B2 semantic intrusions (frPSI) | 13.9%a | 14.2%a | 27.60%b | 26.5%b | 12.96 | <.001 | 16.62% |
| SD = 12% (range = 0.00–.58) | SD = 12% (range = 0.00–.42) | SD = 18% (range = 0.00–.70) | SD = 14% (range = 0.00–.58) | ||||
| Mean% List A3 semantic intrusions (RSI) | 24.5%a | 32.3%ab | 38.5 %b | 43.9 %bc | 10.36 | <.001 | 14.22% |
| SD = 16% (range = 0.00–.63) | SD = 19 (range = 0.00–.73) | SD = 20% (range = 0.00–.80) | SD = 17% (range = 0.00–.78) |
NOTE. Means with different alphabetic superscripts are statistically significant at P < .05 by the Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test. P-values that were statistically significant at P < .05 are indicated in bold.
Abbreviations: aMCI, amnestic mild cognitive impairment; CN, cognitively normal; frPSI, failure to recover from proactive semantic interference; LASSL-L, Loewenstein-Acevedo Scale of Semantic Interference and Learning; RSI, retroactive semantic interference.