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. 2019 Aug 13;14(8):e0221128. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221128

Table 4. Average Direct Pseudo-elasticity effects for nighttime model.

Variable Elasticity %
PDO Injury Fatality
    Young 96.63 -15.32 23.31
    Old 6.59 0.05 -1.33
    Male -142.23 -7.94 47.2
    Curve -9.84 -4.88 14.85
    U-turn -30.96 15.25 -35.11
    Rural -72.58 0.28 12.52
    Angle 13.93 -2.31 -14.04
    Sideswipe 87.58 -16.79 28.9
    Heavy -49.17 -8.06 30.52
    Passenger -327.67 0.42 58.73
Multi-vehicle 82.98 22.17 -74.44
    Winter -26.43 -1.3 8.31
    Rain -28.54 8.59 17.75
    Concrete -11.56 8.22 -19.87
    Asphalt -18.02 2.07 -2.24
    Milling 31.63 3.31 -14.63
    U-turn -30.96 15.25 -35.11
    N. lane closures -21.78 -11.61 35.02
    Speeding -76.87 1.47 10.12