Table 4.
POCD definitions and summary statistics for associations with in-hospital POD during 6 months of postoperative follow up
| MONTH 1 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Component neuropsychological tests* | P(POCD) | r | κ | RR (95% CI) | p |
| BNT, Digit Span | 0.43 | 0.13 | 0.07 | 1.22 (0.99, 1.50) | .058 |
| Digit Span, Phonemic Fluency | 0.49 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 1.30 (1.09, 1.55) | .003 |
| Digit Span, Category Fluency | 0.47 | 0.18 | 0.09 | 1.27 (1.06, 1.53) | .010 |
| VSAT, Digit Span | 0.46 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 1.32 (1.09, 1.59) | .004 |
| BNT, Phonemic Fluency | 0.48 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 1.30 (1.09, 1.56) | .004 |
| Category Fluency, Phonemic Fluency | 0.49 | 0.22 | 0.11 | 1.34 (1.13, 1.60) | .001 |
| BNT, Category Fluency | 0.43 | 0.23 | 0.12 | 1.39 (1.14, 1.69) | .001 |
| VSAT, BNT | 0.45 | 0.26 | 0.15 | 1.44 (1.20, 1.74) | <.001 |
| VSAT, Category Fluency | 0.46 | 0.29 | 0.15 | 1.47 (1.23, 1.76) | <.001 |
| VSAT, Phonemic Fluency | 0.51 | 0.24 | 0.11 | 1.34 (1.13, 1.58) | .001 |
| Overall (Month 1)† | 0.47 | 0.21 | 0.11 | 1.34 (1.08, 1.66) | .008 |
| MONTH 2 | |||||
| Component neuropsychological tests* | P(POCD) | r | κ | RR (95% CI) | p |
| BNT, Digit Span | 0.22 | −0.02 | −0.01 | 0.94 (0.65, 1.38) | .769 |
| Digit Span, Phonemic Fluency | 0.25 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 1.11 (0.79, 1.55) | .553 |
| Digit Span, Category Fluency | 0.24 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 1.08 (0.77, 1.53) | .646 |
| VSAT, Digit Span | 0.22 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 1.11 (0.77, 1.60) | .576 |
| BNT, Phonemic Fluency | 0.24 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 1.07 (0.76, 1.52) | .688 |
| Category Fluency, Phonemic Fluency | 0.24 | −0.02 | −0.01 | 0.97 (0.68, 1.38) | .851 |
| BNT, Category Fluency | 0.23 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00 (0.70, 1.45) | .983 |
| VSAT, BNT | 0.20 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 1.10 (0.74, 1.62) | .636 |
| VSAT, Category Fluency | 0.22 | 0.09 | 0.05 | 1.21 (0.85, 1.72) | .289 |
| VSAT, Phonemic Fluency | 0.22 | 0.11 | 0.06 | 1.29 (0.91, 1.81) | .151 |
| Overall (Month 2)† | 0.23 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 1.08 (0.72, 1.63) | .698 |
| MONTH 6 | |||||
| Component neuropsychological tests* | P(POCD) | r | κ | RR (95% CI) | p |
| BNT, Digit Span | 0.15 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 1.21 (0.78, 1.90) | .393 |
| Digit Span, Phonemic Fluency | 0.16 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 1.49 (0.98, 2.26) | .063 |
| Digit Span, Category Fluency | 0.18 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 1.10 (0.73, 1.67) | .650 |
| VSAT, Digit Span | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.06 | 1.35 (0.91, 2.02) | .140 |
| BNT, Phonemic Fluency | 0.13 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 1.05 (0.63, 1.74) | .865 |
| Category Fluency, Phonemic Fluency | 0.16 | 0.15 | 0.07 | 1.46 (0.96, 2.22) | .075 |
| BNT, Category Fluency | 0.15 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 1.07 (0.67, 1.70) | .780 |
| VSAT, BNT | 0.15 | −0.02 | −0.01 | 0.95 (0.58, 1.54) | .822 |
| VSAT, Category Fluency | 0.18 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 1.20 (0.79, 1.81) | .391 |
| VSAT, Phonemic Fluency | 0.18 | 0.13 | 0.07 | 1.36 (0.92, 2.02) | .124 |
| Overall (Month 6)† | 0.16 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 1.21 (0.71, 2.08) | .486 |
Prevalence of POCD [P(POCD)], tetrachoric correlations [r], level of agreement, kappa [κ], relative risk [RR] for the association of POD as a risk factor for POCD, and significance level [p] for each of the 10 unique subsets of seven component neuropsychological test variables used to define POCD at Months 1, 2, and 6.
Neuropsychological tests: Visual Search and Attention Test (VSAT); Boston Naming Test (BNT); Digit Symbol, RBANS Digit Symbol; Digit Span, WAIS Digit Span Forward and Backward; Category Fluency; Phonemic Fluency.
Each of the POCD definitions includes the following five test variables: Hopkins Verbal Learning Test, revised (HVLT-R) Sum of learning trials, HVLT-R Delayed Recall, Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) Trail Making Test (part B time), D-KEFS Trail Making Test (part B errors).
Overall refers to the definition of POCD at each time point estimated from multiply-imputed data.