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. 2019 Aug 13;9:11748. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47979-8

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Phase differences between the ends of the photoreceptor outer segment in the living human eye at different times compared to the initial phase at t = 0. The entire measurement ended at about t = 14.6 s after initiating a light stimulus. (a–g) Phase difference obtained by directly comparing to pre-stimulus phase with phase after different times. (h–n) Phase difference obtained from the cross-spectrum as described in the Methods section (by minimizing Eq. (14)). (o–u) Speckle pattern of one of the involved layers before the stimulus and at the respective times. It can clearly be seen, that that the speckle pattern changes with time. Scale bars are 200 μm.