Table 2.

The summary of relevant guidelines or advisories by influential colleges.

Guidelines/advisories name	Year	Source/journal	Recommendations
Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations Revision 2006	2006	AHA/Circulation	(1) Choose foods made with whole grains (such as whole wheat, oats/oatmeal, rye, barley, popcorn, brown rice, wild rice, buckwheat, triticale, bulgur (cracked wheat), millet, quinoa, and sorghum); (2) Increase intake of fruit and vegetables; (3) Available evidence is inadequate to recommend other dietary factors to reduce CVD risk.
Guidelines for the Primary Prevention of Stroke	2011	AHA, ASA/Stroke	(1) Reduce sodium and increase potassium intake; (2) A DASH-style diet and low fat diary is highly recommended; (3) Few randomized controlled trials with clinical outcomes have been conducted.
Guidelines for the Prevention of Stroke in Women	2014	AHA, ASA/Stroke	(1) Lifestyle factor such as a healthy diet reduces the risk of CVD and mortality; (2) Lifestyle interventions focusing on diet are recommended for primary stroke prevention among high risk individuals; (3) There are few published trials of lifestyle interventions for secondary stroke prevention.
Guidelines for the Primary Prevention of Stroke	2014	AHA, ASA/Stroke	(1) Reduce sodium and increase potassium intake; (2) A Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts may lower the risk of stroke; (3) There is no conclusive evidence that vitamins or other nutrients (eg. magnesium) prevent stroke.
Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020 8th Edition	2015	Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion/NA	(1) Follow a healthy eating pattern across the lifespan; (2) Limit calories from added sugars and saturated fats and reduce sodium intake; (3) Nutritional needs should be met primarily from foods; (4) Role of magnesium is not well discussed.
Scientific Reports of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee	2015	Department of Health and Human Services/NA	(1) Underconsumption of calcium, vitamin D, fiber, potassium, and iron (premenopausal women and adolescent females) is linked to health outcomes; (2) Nutrition and lifestyle interventions performed by multi-disciplinary teams should be emphasized; (3) Magnesium intake is always below national standards.
Medical Nutrition Education, Training, and Competences to Advance Guideline-Based Diet Counseling by Physicians	2018	AHA/Circulation	(1) A prudent dietary pattern can advance population-wide cardiovascular health;(2) Meta-analyses show fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds, fish, total diary, cheese intake will significantly reduce risk of stroke; (3) Enhance physicians and individuals education and training in nutrition will reduce health and economic burden.

AHA, American Heart Association; ASA, American Stroke Association; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DASH, dietary approaches to stop hypertension.