Table 1.
Summary of cannabinoid and opioid interactions in two pain assays
| Pain Assay | WIN alone | WIN + morphine | GP1a alone | GP1a + morphine |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formalin test | +a |
+ Synergyd |
+ |
−b
Sub‐additivec |
| Carrageenan test | − | − | − |
+ Enhanced analgesia |
a
+ means that it produced analgesia.
b
− means that there was no analgesia.
c
“Sub‐additive” means that the combination was not as efficacious as would be predicted from the sum of the individual drugs alone.
d
“Synergy” means that the effect of the combined drugs was greater than an additive effect of the two drugs. “Synergy” can also be called “a super additive effect.”