Table 1.

Vertebrate Genome Characteristics

Species	Genome Length a	Genome Assembly b	Gene Annotation Methods b
Chicken	1.13	Contigs and scaffolds	RNA-seq data, cDNAs, long read RNAs
Turkey	1.04	Whole genome shotgun sequencing (30× coverage)	cDNAs, ESTs, chicken cDNAs, orthologous vertebrate protein sequences
Duck	1.14	Contigs and scaffolds	Orthologous vertebrate genes and protein sequences
Zebra finch	1.20	Whole-genome shotgun sequencing (6× coverage), plus 35 BAC clones	ESTs, avian protein sequences
Flycatcher	1.12	Contigs and scaffolds	RNA-seq data, orthologous vertebrate protein sequences
Turtle	2.10	Contigs and scaffolds	RNA-seq data, orthologous vertebrate protein sequences
Anole lizard	1.78	Contigs and scaffolds	RNA-seq data, cDNAs, ESTs, alignments of chicken protein sequences
Frog	1.36	Contigs and scaffolds, plus whole-genome shotgun sequencing (7.65× coverage)	cDNAs, orthologous vertebrate protein sequences
Tetraodon	0.34	Contigs and scaffolds, whole-genome shotgun sequencing (6× coverage)	Orthologous vertebrate protein sequencesc
Fugu	0.39	Contigs and scaffolds	Fugu proteins, orthologous vertebrate proteins, nonvertebrate protein sequences
Stickleback	0.46	Whole-genome shotgun sequencing (11× coverage)	cDNAs, ESTs, orthologous vertebrate protein sequences
Medaka	0.70	Whole-genome shotgun sequencing	cDNAs, ESTs, orthologous vertebrate protein sequences
Cod	0.90	Whole-genome shotgun and paired-end sequencing (25× coverage)	Whole-genome alignment to stickleback, orthologous vertebrate protein sequences
Cave fish	1.00	Contigs and scaffolds	RNA-seq data, orthologous vertebrate protein sequences
Tilapia	0.97	Whole-genome shotgun sequencing	RNA-seq data, orthologous vertebrate protein sequences
Amazon molly	1.00	Contigs and scaffolds	RNA-seq data, orthologous vertebrate protein sequences
Platyfish	0.65	Whole-genome shotgun sequencing (19.6× coverage)	RNA-seq data, platyfish protein sequences, orthologous vertebrate protein sequences
Zebrafish	1.37	Contigs and scaffolds; BAC and fosmid clones	RNA-seq data, cDNAs, zebrafish protein sequences
Spotted gar	0.95	Whole-genome shotgun sequencing	RNA-seq data, orthologous vertebrate protein sequences
Coelacanth	2.90	Whole-genome shotgun sequencing	RNA-seq data, cDNAs, coelacanth protein sequences
Lamprey	1.92	Whole-genome shotgun (5× coverage), BAC-end sequence reads	Lamprey cDNA and protein sequences, orthologous vertebrate protein sequences

Abbreviations: BAC, bacterial artificial chromosome (contains foreign DNA); EST, expressed sequence tag; RNA-seq, RNA-based DNA sequencing.

^aGenome length is in gigabases.

^bContigs and scaffolds refer to overlapping large DNA fragments; fosmid refers to specialized bacterial plasmid containing foreign DNA.

^cInformation on assembly is incomplete.