Table 5.
Total Dollars Billed for Opioids (USD) in Patients 6 Months Prior to Fusion Compared With 2 Years Following Fusion, N (%).
| Characteristic | Patients With Any Opioid Use 6 Months Prior to Fusion | Patients With Any Opioid Use Within 2 years After Fusion |
|---|---|---|
| Total patients | 737 215 | 3 054 860 |
| Male | 315 536 (42.8) | 1 330 647 (43.6) |
| Female | 421 679 (57.2) | 1 724 213 (56.4) |
| Geographical region breakdown | ||
| Midwest | 155 127 (21.0) | 592 580 (19.4) |
| Northeast | 25 785 (3.5) | 76 156 (2.5) |
| South | 465 958 (63.2) | 1 992 566 (65.2) |
| West | 90 345 (12.3) | 393 558 (12.9) |
| Race breakdown | ||
| Unknown | 80 719 (10.9) | 375 452 (12.3) |
| White | 586 454 (79.5) | 2 399 834 (78.6) |
| Black | 53 429 (7.2) | 221 459 (7.2) |
| Other | 4998 (0.7) | 22 012 (0.7) |
| Asian | 864 (0.1) | 2367 (0.1) |
| Hispanic | 9857 (1.3) | 27 820 (0.9) |
| North American Native | 894 (0.1) | 5916 (0.2) |
Abbreviation: USD, United States dollars.