Figure 3.

NEUROiD interfaces to biomechanical models for a complete and realistic neuromotor simulation. As an example, we have integrated NEUROiD with two sample biomechanical models of ankle joint for this paper. (A) A simplistic rigid body model of the ankle joint. The differential equations governing the model are coded in a mod file. The state of this model is evaluated at every timestep by NEURON along with rest of the neuromotor system model. (B) An OpenSim (Seth et al., 2011) model of lower body mechanics (Delp et al., 1990). OpenSim is used to solve the state of this model at every time step and runs as a co-simulation along with NEURON. The solid lines represent the efferent connections and the dashed lines represent the afferent connections. The extensor connections are shown in blue and the flexor connections are shown in red. The activation of motoneurons are used to excite the muscles in one of the two musculoskeletal models. The afferent firing frequency is evaluated by the musculoskeletal model.