Table 1.

Ultrasonography technique and diagnosis.

Site	Position of arm
Acromioclavicular joint	Arm in a neutral position with the transducer in a coronal plane, also shifting/rotating the transducer atop the acromion
Biceps tendon-long head	Arm in a neutral position
Infraspinatus tendon	Forearm in a supine position on the ipsilateral thigh or across the front of patient chest, with the hand resting on opposing shoulder. Visualization was enhanced by passive internal and external rotation, during real-time dynamic imaging
Subscapularis tendon	Arm in a neutral position as well as during external rotation
Supraspinatus tendon	Arms behind patients backs, with hand near the opposing scapular tip (Crass position). In case this position was not possible patient’s hand palm was stationed on iliac wing’s superior aspect with a flexed elbow, headed posterior and in the direction of midline (Modified Crass or Middleton position)
The sub-acromial-subdeltoid bursa	Arm in a neutral position with patients arm behind back and during testing for subacromial impingement
Subacromial impingement	The transducer was stationed in the coronal plane with medial margin in the acromion lateral margin. Patient’s arm was abducted during internal rotation. The sub-acromial-subdeltoid bursa and supraspinatus tendon was easily glid under acromion till the higher tuberosity touched it closely. Next, this procedure was also performed during flexion, with transducer stationed sagittal with posterior margin near the acromion anterior margin