Table 3.
QST values for cool detection (CD), warm detection (WD), cold pain threshold (CPTh), heat pain threshold (HPTh), and Mechanical detection at six test sites for the entire sample and by sex and age group. Thermal QST is reported in degrees Celsius (C) and mechanical QST is reported in grams of force
| Entire Sample | Female | Male | p [q] | 19–39 years | ≥40 years | p [q] | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Min-Max | Mean (SD) | Min-Max | Mean (SD) | Min-Max | Mean (SD) | Min-Max | Mean (SD) | Min-Max | |||
| Anterior Forearm | n=124 | n=61 | n=63 | n=64 | n=60 | |||||||
| CD | 29.2 (1.6) | 18.4–31.5 | 29.4 (1.2) | 24.9–31.4 | 29.1 (1.8) | 18.4–31.5 | 0.35 [0.38] | 29.0 (1.9) | 18.4–31.3 | 29.5 (1.1) | 26.3–31.5 | 0.05 [0.088] |
| WD | 34.5 (1.2) | 32.3–38.9 | 34.3 (1.1) | 32.5–37.3 | 34.8 (1.2) | 32.3–38.9 | 0.01 [0.027] | 34.7 (1.3) | 32.3–38.9 | 34.4 (1.1) | 32.6–36.6 | 0.26 [0.30] |
| CPTh | 26.3 (5.0) | 0.0–31.0 | 27.2 (3.6) | 10.1–31.0 | 25.4 (5.9) | 0.0–30.9 | 0.04 [0.081] | 26.1 (4.5) | 0–30.9 | 26.5 (5.5) | 0–31 | 0.64 [0.64] |
| HPTh | 37.8 (3.6) | 33.1–48.5 | 37.1 (3.4) | 33.1–45.3 | 38.5 (3.7) | 33.5–48.5 | 0.04 [0.081] | 38.5 (3.4) | 33.1–48.5 | 37.5 (3.7) | 33.1–46.8 | 0.02 [0.053] |
| Mechanical | 16.7 (22.2) | 0.6–60 | 14.1 (21.2) | 0.6–60 | 19.2 (23.2) | 0.6–60.0 | 0.21 [0.26] | 19.9 (23.6) | 0.6–60 | 13.2 (20.4) | 0.6–60 | 0.09 [0.14] |
| Posterior Forearm | n=48 | n=22 | n=26 | n=23 | n=25 | |||||||
| CD | 29.6 (1.1) | 26.8–31.5 | 29.6 (1.2) | 26.8–31.2 | 29.6 (0.91) | 28.2–31.5 | 29.5 (1.1) | 26.8–30.9 | 29.6 (1) | 27.7–31.5 | ||
| WD | 34.5 (1.5) | 32.5–41.7 | 34.3 (1.1) | 32.5–37.2 | 34.6 (1.8) | 32.6–41.7 | 34.2 (1) | 32.5–36.6 | 34.7 (1.9) | 32.6–41.7 | ||
| CPTh | 25.8 (6.6) | 0.0–31.0 | 26.5 (6.4) | 1.2–31.0 | 25.6 (6.8) | 0–30.4 | 27.4 (2.1) | 22.9–30.7 | 24.2 (8.7) | 0–31 | ||
| HPTh | 37.8 (4.1) | 33.0–47.9 | 36.9 (3.6) | 33.0–45.5 | 38.6 (4.4) | 33.8–47.9 | 37.2 (3.6) | 33–45.7 | 38.3 (4.5) | 33.7–47.9 | ||
| Mechanical | 17.4 (22.8) | 0.6–60 | 14.9 (21.9) | 1.4–60 | 19.5 (23.8) | 0.6–60 | 19.8 (1.6) | 1.4–60 | 15.2 (21) | 0.6–60 | ||
| Lateral Upper Arm | n=53 | n=27 | n=26 | n=30 | n=23 | |||||||
| CD | 28.9 (1.3) | 26.0–3.9 | 29.0 (1.1) | 26.5–30.9 | 28.7 (1.4) | 26–46.9 | 28.6 (1.2) | 26–30.5 | 29.2 (1.2) | 26.1–30.9 | ||
| WD | 34.9 (2.7) | 32.7–46.9 | 34.1 (1) | 32.7–36.4 | 35.8 (3.7) | 32.7–46.9 | 35.5 (3.4) | 32.7–46.9 | 34.2 (1.2) | 32.7–37.5 | ||
| CPTh | 25.2 (6.3) | 0.0–30.7 | 26.6 (2.8) | 16.6–30.6 | 23.7 (8.3) | 0–30.7 | 23.4 (7.6) | 0.0–28.7 | 27.6 (2.5) | 19.1–30.7 | ||
| HPTh | 39.1 (4) | 33.2–49.6 | 38.1 (3.3) | 33.7–46.3 | 40.2 (4.5) | 33.2–49.6 | 40.6 (4.0) | 35.4–49.6 | 37.2 (3.3) | 33.2–46.3 | ||
| Mechanical | 23.0 (26.2) | 0.6–60 | 17.4 (25.7) | 0.6–60 | 28.9 (26) | 0.6–60 | 26.2 (26.8) | 0.6–60 | 18.9 (25.5) | 0.6–60 | ||
| Lateral Leg | n=48 | n=25 | n=23 | n=25 | n=23 | |||||||
| CD | 29.0 (1.4) | 26–31.8 | 29.3 (1.6) | 26.2–31.8 | 28.7 (1.3) | 26–31.5 | 28.7 (1.3) | 26.2–31.8 | 29.3 (1.6) | 26–31.5 | ||
| WD | 35.1 (1.5) | 32.9–39.9 | 35.2 (1.6) | 33–39.9 | 35.1 (1.3) | 32.9–38.1 | 35 (1.2) | 33–38.1 | 35.2 (1.8) | 32.9–39.9 | ||
| CPTh | 25.3 (5.7) | 5.2–31.3 | 26.1 (4.7) | 11.8–31.3 | 24.4 (6.6) | 5.2–30.7 | 24.8 (5.5) | 5.8–31.3 | 25.7 (6) | 5.2–31.1 | ||
| HPTh | 39.1 (4.2) | 33.2–48.2 | 38.0 (3.9) | 33.2–46.2 | 40.3 (4.2) | 33.4–48.2 | 39.6 (3.7) | 34.5–45.2 | 38.5 (4.6) | 33.2–48.2 | ||
| Mechanical | 23.9 (22.7) | 0.6–60 | 19.9 (21.8) | 0.6–60 | 28.2 (23.3) | 0.6–60 | 26.9 (21) | 4.0–60 | 20.7 (24.4) | 0.6–60 | ||
| Medial Leg | n=50 | n=25 | n=25 | n=25 | n=25 | |||||||
| CD | 28.2 (1.5) | 25.2–31.3 | 28.2 (1.5) | 25.7–31 | 28.3 (1.6) | 25.2–31.3 | 28 (1.4) | 25.2–31 | 28.4 (1.7) | 25.9–31.3 | ||
| WD | 35.4 (2.1) | 32.9–46.5 | 34.8 (1.4) | 33.2–39.4 | 35.9 (2.5) | 32.9–46.5 | 35.6 (2.6) | 33.4–46.5 | 35 (1.6) | 32.9–39–4 | ||
| CPTh | 24.4 (7.5) | 0.0–30.1 | 24.9 (7) | 2.1–29 | 23.8 (8.2) | 0–30.1 | 23.5 (7.6) | 0.0–28.6 | 25.2 (7.5) | 0.2–30.1 | ||
| HPTh | 39.0 (4.2) | 33.6–48.4 | 38.2 (3.4) | 33.9–46.7 | 39.8 (4.8) | 33.6–48.4 | 39.8 (4.2) | 34.5–48.4 | 38.2 (4) | 33.6–46.9 | ||
| Mechanical | 17.9 (23.1) | 0.6–60 | 17.6 (22.5) | 1.4–60 | 18.2 (24.1) | 0.6–60 | 20.7 (23.3) | 1.4–60 | 15.2 (23) | 0.6–60 | ||
| Posterior Leg | n=49 | n=23 | n=26 | n=25 | n=24 | |||||||
| CD | 28.7 (1.9) | 20.8–31.4 | 29.1 (1.2) | 26–31.4 | 28.3 (2.3) | 20.8–31.2 | 28.8 (1.3) | 26–30.7 | 28.6 (2.4) | 20.8–31.4 | ||
| WD | 35.3 (1.8) | 32.7–43.5 | 34.8 (1.1) | 32.7–37.9 | 35.7 (2.2) | 33.7–43.5 | 35.4 (1.5) | 33.5–39.8 | 35.2 (2.1) | 32.7–43.5 | ||
| CPTh | 25.0 (4.7) | 6.7–30.6 | 25.7 (4.8) | 7.2–30.6 | 24.5 (4.7) | 6.7–29.3 | 25.7 (2.5) | 19.3–29.9 | 24.3 (6.3) | 6.7–30.6 | ||
| HPTh | 38.7 (3.4) | 33.2–45.7 | 37.5 (3.2) | 33.2–44.1 | 39.7 (3.3) | 34.8–45.7 | 38.6 (3) | 33.8–44.1 | 38.8 (3.8) | 33.2–45.7 | ||
| Mechanical | 18.8 (22.1) | 0.6–60 | 11.7 (16.5) | 0.6–60 | 25.1 (24.7) | 0.6–60 | 19.3 (22.2) | 0.6–60 | 18.2 (22.4) | 0.6–60 | ||
Note: The bolded values represent statistically significant raw p-values and adjusted (false discovery rate) q values for paired t-tests.