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. 2019 Aug 9;12:2511–2527. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S211855

Table 3.

QST values for cool detection (CD), warm detection (WD), cold pain threshold (CPTh), heat pain threshold (HPTh), and Mechanical detection at six test sites for the entire sample and by sex and age group. Thermal QST is reported in degrees Celsius (C) and mechanical QST is reported in grams of force

Entire Sample Female Male p [q] 19–39 years ≥40 years p [q]
Mean (SD) Min-Max Mean (SD) Min-Max Mean (SD) Min-Max Mean (SD) Min-Max Mean (SD) Min-Max
Anterior Forearm n=124 n=61 n=63 n=64 n=60
CD 29.2 (1.6) 18.4–31.5 29.4 (1.2) 24.9–31.4 29.1 (1.8) 18.4–31.5 0.35 [0.38] 29.0 (1.9) 18.4–31.3 29.5 (1.1) 26.3–31.5 0.05 [0.088]
WD 34.5 (1.2) 32.3–38.9 34.3 (1.1) 32.5–37.3 34.8 (1.2) 32.3–38.9 0.01 [0.027] 34.7 (1.3) 32.3–38.9 34.4 (1.1) 32.6–36.6 0.26 [0.30]
CPTh 26.3 (5.0) 0.0–31.0 27.2 (3.6) 10.1–31.0 25.4 (5.9) 0.0–30.9 0.04 [0.081] 26.1 (4.5) 0–30.9 26.5 (5.5) 0–31 0.64 [0.64]
HPTh 37.8 (3.6) 33.1–48.5 37.1 (3.4) 33.1–45.3 38.5 (3.7) 33.5–48.5 0.04 [0.081] 38.5 (3.4) 33.1–48.5 37.5 (3.7) 33.1–46.8 0.02 [0.053]
Mechanical 16.7 (22.2) 0.6–60 14.1 (21.2) 0.6–60 19.2 (23.2) 0.6–60.0 0.21 [0.26] 19.9 (23.6) 0.6–60 13.2 (20.4) 0.6–60 0.09 [0.14]
Posterior Forearm n=48 n=22 n=26 n=23 n=25
CD 29.6 (1.1) 26.8–31.5 29.6 (1.2) 26.8–31.2 29.6 (0.91) 28.2–31.5 29.5 (1.1) 26.8–30.9 29.6 (1) 27.7–31.5
WD 34.5 (1.5) 32.5–41.7 34.3 (1.1) 32.5–37.2 34.6 (1.8) 32.6–41.7 34.2 (1) 32.5–36.6 34.7 (1.9) 32.6–41.7
CPTh 25.8 (6.6) 0.0–31.0 26.5 (6.4) 1.2–31.0 25.6 (6.8) 0–30.4 27.4 (2.1) 22.9–30.7 24.2 (8.7) 0–31
HPTh 37.8 (4.1) 33.0–47.9 36.9 (3.6) 33.0–45.5 38.6 (4.4) 33.8–47.9 37.2 (3.6) 33–45.7 38.3 (4.5) 33.7–47.9
Mechanical 17.4 (22.8) 0.6–60 14.9 (21.9) 1.4–60 19.5 (23.8) 0.6–60 19.8 (1.6) 1.4–60 15.2 (21) 0.6–60
Lateral Upper Arm n=53 n=27 n=26 n=30 n=23
CD 28.9 (1.3) 26.0–3.9 29.0 (1.1) 26.5–30.9 28.7 (1.4) 26–46.9 28.6 (1.2) 26–30.5 29.2 (1.2) 26.1–30.9
WD 34.9 (2.7) 32.7–46.9 34.1 (1) 32.7–36.4 35.8 (3.7) 32.7–46.9 35.5 (3.4) 32.7–46.9 34.2 (1.2) 32.7–37.5
CPTh 25.2 (6.3) 0.0–30.7 26.6 (2.8) 16.6–30.6 23.7 (8.3) 0–30.7 23.4 (7.6) 0.0–28.7 27.6 (2.5) 19.1–30.7
HPTh 39.1 (4) 33.2–49.6 38.1 (3.3) 33.7–46.3 40.2 (4.5) 33.2–49.6 40.6 (4.0) 35.4–49.6 37.2 (3.3) 33.2–46.3
Mechanical 23.0 (26.2) 0.6–60 17.4 (25.7) 0.6–60 28.9 (26) 0.6–60 26.2 (26.8) 0.6–60 18.9 (25.5) 0.6–60
Lateral Leg n=48 n=25 n=23 n=25 n=23
CD 29.0 (1.4) 26–31.8 29.3 (1.6) 26.2–31.8 28.7 (1.3) 26–31.5 28.7 (1.3) 26.2–31.8 29.3 (1.6) 26–31.5
WD 35.1 (1.5) 32.9–39.9 35.2 (1.6) 33–39.9 35.1 (1.3) 32.9–38.1 35 (1.2) 33–38.1 35.2 (1.8) 32.9–39.9
CPTh 25.3 (5.7) 5.2–31.3 26.1 (4.7) 11.8–31.3 24.4 (6.6) 5.2–30.7 24.8 (5.5) 5.8–31.3 25.7 (6) 5.2–31.1
HPTh 39.1 (4.2) 33.2–48.2 38.0 (3.9) 33.2–46.2 40.3 (4.2) 33.4–48.2 39.6 (3.7) 34.5–45.2 38.5 (4.6) 33.2–48.2
Mechanical 23.9 (22.7) 0.6–60 19.9 (21.8) 0.6–60 28.2 (23.3) 0.6–60 26.9 (21) 4.0–60 20.7 (24.4) 0.6–60
Medial Leg n=50 n=25 n=25 n=25 n=25
CD 28.2 (1.5) 25.2–31.3 28.2 (1.5) 25.7–31 28.3 (1.6) 25.2–31.3 28 (1.4) 25.2–31 28.4 (1.7) 25.9–31.3
WD 35.4 (2.1) 32.9–46.5 34.8 (1.4) 33.2–39.4 35.9 (2.5) 32.9–46.5 35.6 (2.6) 33.4–46.5 35 (1.6) 32.9–39–4
CPTh 24.4 (7.5) 0.0–30.1 24.9 (7) 2.1–29 23.8 (8.2) 0–30.1 23.5 (7.6) 0.0–28.6 25.2 (7.5) 0.2–30.1
HPTh 39.0 (4.2) 33.6–48.4 38.2 (3.4) 33.9–46.7 39.8 (4.8) 33.6–48.4 39.8 (4.2) 34.5–48.4 38.2 (4) 33.6–46.9
Mechanical 17.9 (23.1) 0.6–60 17.6 (22.5) 1.4–60 18.2 (24.1) 0.6–60 20.7 (23.3) 1.4–60 15.2 (23) 0.6–60
Posterior Leg n=49 n=23 n=26 n=25 n=24
CD 28.7 (1.9) 20.8–31.4 29.1 (1.2) 26–31.4 28.3 (2.3) 20.8–31.2 28.8 (1.3) 26–30.7 28.6 (2.4) 20.8–31.4
WD 35.3 (1.8) 32.7–43.5 34.8 (1.1) 32.7–37.9 35.7 (2.2) 33.7–43.5 35.4 (1.5) 33.5–39.8 35.2 (2.1) 32.7–43.5
CPTh 25.0 (4.7) 6.7–30.6 25.7 (4.8) 7.2–30.6 24.5 (4.7) 6.7–29.3 25.7 (2.5) 19.3–29.9 24.3 (6.3) 6.7–30.6
HPTh 38.7 (3.4) 33.2–45.7 37.5 (3.2) 33.2–44.1 39.7 (3.3) 34.8–45.7 38.6 (3) 33.8–44.1 38.8 (3.8) 33.2–45.7
Mechanical 18.8 (22.1) 0.6–60 11.7 (16.5) 0.6–60 25.1 (24.7) 0.6–60 19.3 (22.2) 0.6–60 18.2 (22.4) 0.6–60

Note: The bolded values represent statistically significant raw p-values and adjusted (false discovery rate) q values for paired t-tests.