ASPACT associates with HDAC1 and mediates its promoter recruitment. a, b The protein–RNA interaction of HDAC1 (a) and EZH2 (b) with ASPACT was demonstrated by RNA-IP assay. HeLa cell lysates were collected and subsequently immunoprecipitated with specific antibodies, and the precipitated RNA was quantified by qPCR and normalized to the value of IgG. GAPDH served as negative control. c, d Extent of HDAC1 (c) and EZH2 (d) association with the PACT chromatin locus in ASPACT overexpressing cells was examined by ChIP assay. The precipitated DNA fragments corresponding to the promoter and 3′-end regions were analysed by qPCR and normalized to the value of IgG. GAPDH served as a negative control. In all panels, data represent the means and SEM (error bars) from four independent experiments. Significant differences were verified by Student’s t test (ns: P > 0.05, *: P < 0.05, **: P < 0.01, ***: P < 0.001).