Table 3. Alignment and nAChR selectivity profiles of native and mutated α-Ctxs homologous to VnIB.

Based on previously published data, up to four nAChRs subtypes, at which the given α-Ctxs has the highest potencies, are shown. The alignment was prepared using the ConoServer (Kaas et al., 2008). Conserved residues and residues conserved in >50% of sequences are shaded dark and light gray, respectively. α6 given in the table refers to the α6/α3 chimera. “≈” indicates a difference in IC₅₀ < 2.5-fold. r, rat; h, human; m, mouse.

α-Ctx	Alignment	nAChR preference
VnIB	G G C C S H P V C Y T KN P N-C G ^#	rα6β4 > rα3β4 >> rα6β2β3^a
OmIA	- G C C S H P AC N V N N P H I C G ^#	rα3β2 >/≈ rα7 > rα6β2β3^b
AuIB	- G C C S Y P P C F A T N P D- C - ^#	rα3β4 > rα6β4 ≈ rα7^c
PeIA[A7V,S9H,V10A,N11R]	- G C C S H P V C H A R H P E L C - ^#	rα6β2β3 > rα3β2^{‡, d}
TxID	- G C C S H P V C S A M S P I - C - ^#	rα3β4 > rα6β4 >> rα2β4^e
PeIA[A7V,S9H,V10A,N11R,E14A]	- G C C S H P V C H A R H P A L C - ^#	rα6β2β3 > rα6β4 >> rα3β2^f
BnIA	- G C C S H P A C S V N N P D I C - ^#	hα7 > mα1β1γδ^{‡, g}
RegIIA	- G C C S H P A C N V N N P H I C - ^#	rα3β2 > rα3β4 ≈ rα6β2* >/≈ rα7^h

C-terminal amidated

^‡

not tested at rα6β4 nAChR

Data from:

this work

(Talley et al., 2006)

(Luo et al., 1998; Smith et al., 2013)

(Hone et al., 2013)

(Luo et al., 2013b)

(Hone et al., 2013)

(Nguyen et al., 2014)

(Franco et al., 2012; Kompella et al., 2015)