Table 9. Combinations (validity).
Study | Population | Short description | Type | Results | MQ | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Gender | Age | Playing level (Country) | |||||
Rampinini et al. [116] | 18 | male | 26.2 ± 4.5 | 1st national league (one of the most important European leagues) | Repeated Shuttle-Sprint Test: 6 x 40-m sprints, COD of 180° after 20 m, 20 s passive recovery |
Criterion | Test: FT, AT, %Dec Match: sprinting distance, very high-speed running distance AT and sprinting distance: r = -0.65 AT and very high-speed running distance: r = -0.60 No further significant correlations between FT and %Dec, and match parameters* |
9 (14) |
Di Mascio et al. [113] | 48 | male | Elite U18 EPL: 17 ± 1 Elite U18 EFL: 17 ± 1 Sub-elite U18: 17 ± 1 |
Elite U18 EPL, elite U18 EFL, sub-elite U18 (England) | Soccer-specific reactive repeated-sprint test: 8 x 30-m sprints, 3 random CODs to the left or the right of 45°, 135°, and 180°, 2 curved sprints, 30 s active recovery |
Criterion | Test: TT Match: High-speed running (most intense 5-min period, whole match), total distance High-speed running most intense 5-min period: r = -0.55 –-0.74 High-speed running whole match: r = -0.55 –-0.67 Total distance: r = -0.25 –-0.66* |
12 (14) |
106 | Female, male | Elite U18 EPL: 17 ± 1 Elite U18 EFL: 17 ± 1 sub-elite U19: 18 ± 1 sub-elite U18: 17 ± 1 Elite senior female: 21 ± 3 |
Elite U18 EPL, Elite U18 EFL, sub-elite U19, sub-elite U18, Elite senior female (England) | Construct | TT: Elite U18 EPL better than sub-elite U19 (4.8%), sub-elite U18 (5.9%), and elite senior female (9.7%) Elite U18 EFL better than sub-elite U19 (3.5%), sub-elite U18 (4.6%), and elite senior female (8.3%)** |
7 (10) | ||
Huijgen et al. [105] | 113 | male | 17.1 ± 0.7 | Selected and deselected players of talent development programmes of professional soccer clubs (Netherlands) | Repeated Shuttle Sprint: 3 x 30-m sprints, starting every 20 s, 3 CODs of 180° after 5 m, 10 m, and 20 m |
Construct | Selected always better than deselected FT: 1.7%; ES (d) = 0.55 TT: 1.4%; ES (d) = 0.47 |
7 (10) |
Repeated Shuttle Dribbling: Repeated Shuttle Sprint while dribbling with a ball |
Construct | Selected better than deselected FT: 2.4%; ES (d) = 0.66 TT: 2.9%; ES (d) = 0.60 |
7 (10) | |||||
Dellal & Wong [96] | 49 | male | Senior, U19 (not specified) | Second team of a professional club, U19 (France) |
Repeated change-of-direction test: 10 x 20-m sprints, 4 CODs of 100° every 4 m, 25 s active recovery |
Construct | FT: Senior better than U19 (0.6%; ES (d) = 0.72) AT: Senior better than U19 (0.4%; ES (d) = 0.41) TT: Senior better than U19 (0.4%; ES (d) = 0.43) %Dec: U19 better than Senior (23.4%; ES (d) = 0.74) |
5 (10) |
Rampinini et al. [117] | 23 | male | professional: 25 ± 4 amateur: 26 ± 6 | Professional from 3rd division, amateur from 6th division (not specified) | Repeated Shuttle-Sprint Test: 6 x 40-m sprints, COD of 180° after 20 m, 20 s passive recovery |
Construct | Professional always better than amateur FT: 1.6%; ES (d) = 0.82 AT: 3.2%; ES (d) = 1.72 %Dec: 25%; ES (d) = 0.83 |
7 (10) |
Wong et al. [97] | 34 | male | 23.3 ± 3.6 | Professional, college (not specified) | Repeated Change-of-Direction Test: 6 x 20-m sprints, 4 CODs of 100° every 4 m, 25 s active recovery |
Construct | FT: Professional faster than college (1.8%; ES (d) = 0.47) AT: Professional faster than college (1.8%; ES (d) = 0.46) TT: Professional faster than college (1.8%; ES (d) = 0.48) %Dec: College faster than professional (0.8%; ES (d) = 0.02) |
5 (10) |
Impellizzeri et al. [118] | 108 | male | 24 ± 4 | Top-professional, mid-professional, amateur (not specified) | Repeated-shuttle-sprint ability test: 6 x 40-m sprints, COD of 180° after 20 m, 20 s passive recovery |
Construct | FT: Top-professional better than mid-professional (1.1%; ES (d) = 0.44) and amateur (5.7%; ES (d) = 2.03) AT: Top-professional better than mid-professional (0.7%; ES (d) = 0.28) and amateur (2.8%; ES (d) = 0.96) %Dec: Top-professional better than mid-professional (35.3%; ES (d) = 1.08) and amateur (45.9%; ES (d) = 1.60) |
8 (10) |
Abrantes et al. [119] | 146 | male | 1st national: 26 ± 3 2nd national: 24 ± 2 1st regional: 29 ± 5 |
1st national level professional, 2nd national level professional, 1st regional level semi-professional (Portugal) | Bangsbo sprint test: 7 x 34.2-m sprints, 3 CODs of 45° after 10 m, 90° after 17.1 m, and 45° after 24.2 m, 10-m sprint to the finish, 25 s active recovery |
Construct | AT: 1st national better than 2nd national (6.1%; ES (d) = 4.37) and 1st regional (15.4%; ES (d) = 15.24) | 6 (10) |
MQ–Methodological quality, maximal possible score in parenthesis; ES–Effect size
*–Selected parameters
**–Data required to calculate ES not available
%Dec–Percent decrement; FT–Fastest time; AT–Average time; TT–Total time; COD–change of direction; EPL–English premier league; EFL–English football league