Table 1.
Group characteristics and group means for symptoms in mid‐childhood (age 7 years) and early‐life predictor measures (age 7, 14, 24 months). Means (SD) by HR and LR group
| HR group | LR group | Group differences | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7‐year measures | |||
| Sex (N girls: N boys) | 28:16 | 22:15 | n/s |
| Age (months) | 90.81 (6.33) | 89.34 (4.81) | n/s |
| N (girls) | 43 (27) | 35 (21) | |
| Conners Inattention | 57.07 (13.95) | 51.22 (9.40) | t (72.30) = −2.21, p = .03, d = .49 |
| N (girls) | 42 (26) | 37 (22) | |
| Conners Hyp/Imp | 59.26 (16.59) | 52.16 (11.58) | t (73.35) = −2.23, p = .03, d = .50 |
| N (girls) | 42 (26) | 37 (22) | |
| SCAS Total Anxiety | 21.16 (14.25) | 12.22 (7.27) | t (77) = −3.41, p = .001a, d = .79 |
| N (girls) | 43 (27) | 36 (22) | |
| SRS‐2 T‐score | 59.27 (19.63) | 45.49 (5.82) | t (42.62) = −4.07, p < .001a, d = .95 |
| N (girls) | 37 (23) | 35 (21) | |
| WASI‐II FSIQ | 109.34 (16.29) | 117.06 (11.61) | t (74) = 2.34, p = .02, d = .55 |
| N (girls) | 41 (27) | 35 (21) | |
| Transf. Inattention | 3.02 (0.58) | 2.77 (0.54) | |
| Transf. Hyp/Imp | 2.87 (0.78) | 2.55 (0.69) | |
| Transf. SCAS | 2.87 (0.57) | 2.31 (0.60) | |
| Transf. SRS‐2 | 2.66 (0.99) | 1.81 (0.78) | |
| 7‐month measures | |||
| Sex (N girls: N boys) | 33:21 | 29:21 | n/s |
| Age (months) | 7.31 (1.19) | 7.38 (1.24) | n/s |
| N (girls) | 54 (33) | 50 (29) | |
| Activity level | 4.19 (0.97) | 4.28 (0.84) | n/s |
| N (girls) | 52 (31) | 49 (28) | |
| Orienting | 3.41 (1.26) | 3.63 (0.84) | n/s |
| N (girls) | 52 (31) | 49 (28) | |
| Fear | 2.74 (1.16) | 2.50 (0.94) | n/s |
| N (girls) | 52 (31) | 49 (28) | |
| 14‐month measures | |||
| Sex (N girls: N boys) | 32:21 | 28:20 | n/s |
| Age (months) | 13.68 (1.57) | 13.92 (1.33) | n/s |
| N (girls) | 53 (32) | 48 (28) | |
| Activity level | 4.32 (0.92) | 4.08 (0.71) | n/s |
| N (girls) | 51 (30) | 47 (27) | |
| Orienting | 3.28 (1.03) | 3.64 (0.92) | n/s |
| N (girls) | 51 (30) | 47 (27) | |
| Fear | 3.33 (1.20) | 2.95 (0.93) | n/s |
| N (girls) | 51 (30) | 47 (27) | |
| 24‐month measures | |||
| Sex (N girls: N boys) | 32:20 | 27:20 | n/s |
| Age (months) | 23.92 (1.15) | 23.87 (0.68) | n/s |
| N (girls) | 53 (32) | 47 (27) | |
| Activity level | 4.86 (0.93) | 4.72 (0.79) | n/s |
| N (girls) | 46 (28) | 47 (27) | |
| Attentional focus | 4.12 (0.88) | 4.28 (0.76) | n/s |
| N (girls) | 46 (28) | 47 (27) | |
| Fear | 2.44 (1.01) | 2.21 (0.53) | n/s |
| N (girls) | 46 (28) | 47 (27) | |
| Inhibitory control | 3.53 (0.97) | 4.03 (1.02) | t (91) = 2.40, p = .02, d = .50 |
| N (girls) | 46 (28) | 47 (27) | |
| Shyness | 3.41 (1.06) | 2.82 (0.79) | t (91) = −3.07, p = .003, d = .63 |
| N (girls) | 46 (28) | 47 (27) | |
N (girls) = the number of participants in each group that completed each measure and the number of children completing the measure that were girls. Conners Inattention and Hyp/Imp = Conners 3 T‐scores for DSM‐IV Inattentive and Hyperactive/Impulsive domains. SCAS Total Anxiety = Spence Children's Anxiety Scale Total Anxiety score. SRS‐2 = Social Responsiveness Scale – 2. Transf. Inattention, Hyp/Imp, SCAS, SRS‐2 = Conners Inattention and Hyperactive/Impulsive T‐scores, SCAS Total Anxiety scores, and SRS‐2 T‐scores following lnkskew0 transformation. WASI‐II FSIQ = Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence – 2nd Edition full‐scale IQ. Superscript ‘a’ indicates comparisons that remained significant after applying Bonferroni correction for multiple testing (α = .05/24 = .002). Note that corrected df and p‐values are reported wherever the assumption of equal variances was violated in t‐tests.