Table 2.

Preoperative data of transthoracic echocardiography with and without PE

	PE (n = 4)	Non-PE (n = 145)	P-value
LVEF (%)	75.0 (69.2–80.7)	69.6 (68.3–70.9)	0.17
LVEF <50% (n)	0	4	0.74
LAVI (mL/m2)	22.9 (19.6–26.3)	22.8 (20.8–24.9)	0.93
E/A	0.75 (0.61–0.88)	0.77 (0.65–0.9)	0.72
DcT (ms)	284 (203.1–364.9)	255.3 (243.5–267.1)	0.54
E/e′	15.7 (13.4–17.9)	8.9 (8.5–9.3)	0.01*

Data are expressed as means and 95% confidence interval.

^*Welch’s t-test was used for differences in mean value. PE: pulmonary edema, LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction, LAVI: left atrial volume index, E/A: ratio of peak early and late (atrial) flow of mitral inflow, DcT: deceleration time of the E-wave velocity, E/e′: ratio of LV early diastolic filling velocity to the peak velocity of mitral medial annulus.