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. 2019 Aug 14;9:11862. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48263-5

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Kaplan-Meier survival analysis for hemodialysis (a) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) (b) after the first visit in the stable and aggravation groups. (a) The blue line shows the percentage of patients without hemodialysis in the “Stable” group (n = 2,477) at each time point, while the red line shows that of the “Aggravation” group (n = 423). Log rank test result marked P = 0.00024. (b) The blue line shows the percentage of patients without a cardiovascular event in the “Stable” group (n = 2,367) at each time point, while the red line shows that of the “Aggravation” group (n = 407). Log rank test result marked P = 0.01434. In this study, cardiovascular events are defined as hospitalized heart failure, myocardial infarction, performance of coronary artery bypass grafting, percutaneous coronary intervention, and death due to heart disease. The shaded areas show 95% confidence interval.