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. 2019 Aug 8;11:177. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00177

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Copyright © 2019 Braidy, Zarka, Jugder, Welch, Jayasena, Chan, Sachdev and Bridge.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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GGC attenuates oligomeric Aβ₄₀-mediated oxidative stress production and oxidative damage to DNA, lipids, and protein in isolated adult astrocytes. (A) Oligomeric Aβ₄₀ increased reactive oxygen species production using the DCFDA Assay, and which was reduced by treatment with GGC. Co-treatment with GGC also ameliorated (B) oxidative DNA damage, (C) lipid peroxidation, and (D) protein carbonyl formation. Significance *p < 0.05 compared to control non-treated cells. ^#p << 0.05 compared to control cells treated with oligomeric Aβ₄₀.