Table 2.

Model Parameters

Parameters	Values	Unit	Sources
Diabetes sub model
Baseline incidence rate	0.0328368	Dimensionless/year	Calibration
Baseline progression rate [managed]	0.0134	Dimensionless/year	[49]
Baseline progression rate [unmanaged]	0.0556	Dimensionless/year
Baseline pre-diabetes regression rate	0.193	Dimensionless/year	[50]
Uptake rate of management	0.05	Dimensionless/year	Calibration
Hypertension sub-model
Baseline incidence rate	0.0237906	Dimensionless/year	Calibration
Baseline progression rate [unmanaged]			[51]
Female	0.06975	Dimensionless/year
Male	0.080125	Dimensionless/year
Effect of management on progression	0.33	Dimensionless/year	[52]
Baseline prehypertension regression rate	0.25	Dimensionless/year	[53]
Uptake rate of management	0.035	Dimensionless/year	Calibration
Smoking sub-model
Baseline smoking initiation rate	0.0082388	Dimensionless/year	Calibration
Baseline smoking relapse rate	0.1	Dimensionless/year	[56]
Baseline smoking cessation rate	0.162	Dimensionless/year	[55]
Demographics
Birth rate	Time series	Dimensionless/year	[47]
Net migration	Time series	Dimensionless/year	Calibration
Age specific mortality rate	Time series	Dimensionless/year	[47]
CVD Model
Smoking risk			[58]
Female	0.5419	Dimensionless
Male	0.5224	Dimensionless
Age risk
Female	0.0699	Dimensionless
Male	0.0488	Dimensionless
Diabetes risk
Female	0.5604	Dimensionless
Male	0.3492	Dimensionless
Hypertension risk
Female	0.0161	Dimensionless
Male	0.0152	Dimensionless
CVD beta			Calibration
Normal	−11.968	Dimensionless
Diabetes only	−5.53323	Dimensionless
Hypertension only	−6.91289	Dimensionless
Smoking only	−5.33926	Dimensionless
Diabetes and hypertension	−6.74229	Dimensionless
Diabetes and smoking	−8.09581	Dimensionless
Hypertension smoking	−7.10026	Dimensionless
Diabetes and hypertension and smoking	−8.18119	Dimensionless
Relative risk of CVD event Diabetes Management	0.8	Dimensionless	[61]
Relative risk of CVD event Hypertension Management	0.5	Dimensionless	[62]
Relative risk of CVD event Smoking Cessation	0.5	Dimensionless	Calibrated
CVD event death rate	0.2	Dimensionless	Calibrated
Relative risk of death CVD	1.6	Dimensionless	[63]
Effect of treatment on mortality	0.13	Dimensionless	[67]
Fraction of post-CVD population receiving treatment of risk factors	1	Dimensionless	Expert opinion