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. 2019 Aug 14;14:258. doi: 10.1186/s13018-019-1305-8

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 3 — Photomicrographs of epidural fibrosis at laminectomy sites at × 40 magnification was selected from the API-treated groups and control group (a). Fibrotic tissue was marked as “*,” the spinal cord was marked as “S,” and laminectomy was marked as “L.” Photomicrographs of fibroblast density at × 400 magnification demonstrated a marked reduction in the API-treated groups (b). The number of fibroblasts is presented in the bar graph (c). *P < 0.05 versus the control group. ^#P < 0.05 compared to the other API-treated groups