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. 2019 Aug 8;12:188. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00188

Figure 2.

Figure 2

CSDS causes significant downregulation in the expression of Drosha and dysregulation in the expression of several miRNAs in the dentate gyrus (DG) of defeated mice. (A) Three 1 mm thick slices of mouse brain from the hippocampus were taken in between −1.0 mm to −4.0 mm position from the Bregma, where holes represent the dissected DG punches taken, using a 16-gauge needle. (B) Fold change in mRNA expression of genes involved in miRNA biogenesis in the DG of defeated mice, compared to the controls; geometric mean (GM) of Ct values of Gapdh and Tbp was used for normalization; n = 8 samples in each group, two-sample t-test, p = 0.0001, data represented as Mean ± SEM. (C) Heat map of miRNAs getting either upregulated or downregulated in the DG of defeated mice as compared to the controls, with ≥1.2-fold difference; n = 4 samples in each group, where every sample was prepared by pooling equal amount of RNA from DG of three individual mice. The heat map depicts the corresponding expression levels of miRNAs in the defeated group when they are sorted in the ascending order of their expression in the control group. ****p ≤ 0.0001.