TABLE 6.

Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) for selecting appropriated variables and regularization.

Sessions	Dependent variable	Independent variable	λ	β
MDD on left DLPFC	Change of STAI-SA	Theta rACC	0.199	−0.375
		Benzodiazepine		−0.752
MDD on left DLPFC	Change of STAI-SA	Alpha left ITL	0.227	0.285
		Alpha precuneus		0.187
		Benzodiazepine		−0.414
MDD on DMPFC	Change of STAI-SA	Theta left DLPFC	0.262	−0.199
		Theta right insula		−0.036
		Theta precuneus		0.205
MDD on DMPFC	Change of STAI-SA	Alpha rACC	0.156	−0.018
		Alpha left DLPFC		−0.184
		Alpha right ITL		0.114
		Alpha left IPL		0.544
HC on left DLPFC	Change of STAI-SA	Theta n.s.	0.503	n.s.
HC on left DLPFC	Change of STAI-SA	Alpha n.s.	0.503	n.s.
HC on DMPFC	Change of STAI-SA	Theta n.s.	0.244	n.s.
HC on DMPFC	Change of STAI-SA	Alpha rACC	0.220	0.129
		Alpha precuneus		−0.403

rACC, rostral anterior cingulate cortex; DLPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; ITL, inferior temporal lobe; IPL, inferior parietal lobe; DLPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex stimulation; DMPFC stimulation, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex; MDD, major depressive disorder; HC, healthy controls; β, the regression coefficient; λ, tuning penalty parameter; n.s, no significance.