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Effect of methylxanthines on markers of toxicity in C. elegans. A, higher concentration of methylxanthines reduced the brood size. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. B, 5 mM caffeine treatment decreased the body length of worms. Data are presented as mean (μM) ± SEM. Experiments were carried out at least three times, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, and compared to the untreated control by one-way ANOVA following Dunnett.
