Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the study participants.
| Normal | Overweight | Obese | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (Sex, F/M) | 27 (25/2) | 23 (21/2) | 60 (50/10) | ND |
| Age, y | 43.4 ± 3.0 | 46.0 ± 2.6 | 46.4 ± 1.9 | NS |
| Body weight, kg | 62.2 ± 1.5 | 77.4 ± 1.8 | 134.7 ± 4.4 | <0.0001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 21.7 ± 0.4 | 27.2 ± 0.3 | 46.9 ± 1.1 | <0.0001 |
| Fat mass, % | 24.1 ± 1.2 | 32.2 ± 1.3 | 52.8 ± 1.1+ | <0.0001 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 74.0 ± 1.7 | 88.9 ± 1.9 | 129.8 ± 2.4* | <0.0001 |
| HbA1c-IFCC, mmol/mol | 32.7 ± 0.5 | 33.9 ± 0.8 | 43.5 ± 1.6 | <0.0001 |
| T2D, n/y | 27/0 | 23/0 | 33/27 | ND |
| IGT (n/y) | ND | ND | 17/36# | ND |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.2 ± 0.2 | 5.4 ± 0.2 | 5.2 ± 0.1 | NS |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 2.3 ± 0.3 | <0.0001 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0 | <0.0001 |
| CRP, mg/L | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | 10.4 ± 0.9 | <0.0001 |
| Leukocytes, exp9/L | 5.2 ± 0.2 | 6.1 ± 0.3 | 8.2 ± 0.3 | <0.0001 |
| Monocytes, exp9/L | 0.41 ± 0.02 | 0.48 ± 0.03 | 0.58 ± 0.02 | <0.0001 |
All values are expressed as mean ± SEM. Statistics were performed as described in Materials and Methods (one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test). +Body fat values of two individuals were not available. *Waist circumference values of nine obese individuals were not available. #Data were not available for seven obese individuals. ND not determined, NS not significant, IGT impaired glucose tolerance.